Results of hydroacoustic observations of signals from weak earthquakes in natural conditions in the region of the Southern Kuril Islands are presented. Some earthquakes were registered by the the Yuzhno-Kurilsk Seismic Station, other were only recorded by hydrophone stations. The observations were specific as seismic signals were recorded in shallow waters, i.e. in high noise level conditions. Hydrophones were installed in Lake Lagunnoe (Kunashir) and Khromovaya Bay (Shikotan). Our analysis of hydroacoustic records received from the hydrophone stations revealed no evident precursory response of the geological medium to weak distant events. This means that neither before the period of earthquake preparation nor during the earthquake preparation period, any geoacoustic emission was not detected. It is shown that despite the unfavourable noise level conditions, even distant weak earthquakes can be confidently registered by hydrophone stations, and pending application of proper signal processing techniques, it can be possible to determine arrival times of seismic waves and to measure parameters of seismic waves. It is also established that the frequency spectrum of acoustic signals from the weak earthquakes recordable by the hydrophone stations is continuous and of noise type in the frequency range up to 90-100 Hz. It is revealed that in some cases, weak earthquakes and microearthquakes may be forerun by low frequency signals.

The method for assessment the volume of a forest stand based on measurements of the attenuation of navigation satellites signals in the L1 range and morphological features of forest species is presented. The dielectric model of a mixed dielectric with the natural structural features of the species of the forest stand was used. The option of restoring the biomass volume of the forest stand according to the radioscopy data on the mixed forest test site is considered. The practical applications of the method of continuous local monitoring of the forest stand condition in forest science are discussed.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), being a frequent condition in patients at ICU, is associated with both significant treatment time and high mortality. However, renal replacement therapy alone is not able to improve the results of treatment of AKI. The present review highlights a number of rarely discussed issues relating to violations of the electrolyte balance and the immune system, nutritional support features, pathophysiology of abdominal compartment-syndrome and Doppler capabilities in the context of an integrated approach to AKI treatment.

This paper describes the results of studying the waves in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk on the sea routes between Sakhalin and Iturup islands by means of autonomous wave recorders. The study was performed in order to improve the safety of the maritime transport system. Analysis of the wave regime and weather conditions in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, has shown that a cyclone of any direction approaching the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, causes sea waves with heights of more than 1.7 meters in the considered water area and nearshore of Iturup Island. However, if a cyclone approaches Sakhalin Island from the northwest direction, the height of wind waves and swell in the coastal area of the southeast of the island is small, and here is an opportunity for ships to take shelter from the storm. The analysis of long waves with tidal harmonic periods of 4 hours and more has shown, that they have almost the same oscillation phase for both islands. The internal waves caused by the local features of bathymetry and relief of the coastal zone for each adjacent water area are analyzed. Surface gravitational waves with a period of about 2.8 hours were detected at Kuibyshevsky and Kurilsky bays, and waves with a period of 2.4 hours were detected near the Okhotskoye village at Sakhalin Island. It is shown that the highest Q-factor in the Kurilsk region has the resonant water area for the periods of 4.5 minutes. It is noted that for these waves the phenomenon of a tyagun (harbour oscillations) can be expected during a storm at sea.

The results of studying potential sources of seiche excitation energy in the water area near Poronaisk (Sakhalin Island) using natural measurement data in 2008–2009 are presented. Time series data with a duration of about three months were collected by two autonomous sea-level recorders at one-second sample rate. Spectral analyses of time series made possible to conclude that wave processes with periods from 2 to 7 hours can be classified as seiches. Possible seiche periods calculated by numerical methods are very close to the periods of seiches detected in the Terpeniya Bay. The calculated envelopes of wave processes showed a good coincidence of the peaks of seiches with a period of 7 hours and wind waves, which confirms the transfer of energy from atmospheric disturbances to the seven-hour seiche. Seiche period of 3.5 hours is shown to be equal to the period of tidal harmonic 4M7. Thus, the resonance pass of energy transmission from tidal harmonic to seiche was revealed taking into account high for marine waters q-factor equal to 11.9 at the period of 3.5 hours. The highest seiches at a period of 2.7 hours are observed on the 6-8 day after maximum of daily tide with a period of 24.68 hours, which is close to the period of lunar tide harmonic M1. The analyses of excitation factors of seiches with 2-hour period showed that the excitation energy, or at least a part of it, is provided by atmospheric disturbances. Thus, the increasing of seiche height occurs during the winds of southern directions in the Terpeniya Bay.