Summary:A simplified cryopreservation method for bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) was utilized in hematopoietic cell transplantation of 213 patients with hematological or solid neoplasms after ablative chemotherapy (187 with peripheral blood progenitor cells and 26 with bone marrow). Cells were cryopreserved, after addition of autologous fresh plasma with DMSO, without HES, by freezing to ؊80؇C in a methanol bath and non-programmed freezer. For the patients autotransplanted with PBPC, the median period necessary for recovery of more than 0.5 × 10 9 /l granulocytes was 11 days (range 6-44), and 15 (8-204) days were required to obtain more than 20 × 10 9 /l platelets. For the patients autotransplanted with BM, the median period necessary to recover Ͼ0.5 × 10 9 /l granulocytes was 12 days (range 9-33), and 24 (12-57) days to obtain more than 20 × 10 9 /l platelets. These results support this method as being very effective in achieving high-quality cryopreservation. The procedure, which uses a non-programmed freezer, simplifies and reduces enormously the cost of the technical measures currently in use, enabling its adoption in almost any clinical oncological institution. Keywords: hematopoietic cell transplantation; cryopreservation; plasma and DMSO; non-programmed freezing; methanolThe transplantation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, derived both from bone marrow and peripheral blood, is an ever more frequent procedure in the treatment of numerous neoplastic diseases. The technology for this type of therapeutic procedure requires, in the majority of cases, the freezing and storage of these cells for variable periods of time. The freezing procedure is traditionally carried out using machinery which incorporates pre-established, comCorrespondence: Dr F Hernández-Navarro, Servicio Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain Received 7 July 1997; accepted 21 October 1997 puterized freezing programs. 1-4 Experience using direct or non-programmed freezing systems for hemotopoietic progenitor cells and their transplant is less widespread. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In this article, we summarize our experience using a simple, non-programmed freezing method for the transplant of hematopoietic cells in patients with neoplastic disease. Two different in vitro experiments were designed to analyze the reproducibility and the effect of the methanol bath on freezing rates. Finally, a limited comparative study of in vitro cell viability following programmed and non-programmed freezing is also presented. Materials and methods Cooling ratesIn order to analyze the reproducibility of the cooling rates with the methanol system and the impact of this technique on the standardization of the freezing, two different in vitro experiments were performed.In the first (Figure 1), four different bags containing 160 ml of hematopoietic cells in 10% DMSO and autologous plasma were cryopreserved using a mechanical freezer at Ϫ80°C in a methanol bath as previously describe...

Lipids do not mediate the effect of gender on vitamin A levels. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism is an independent determinant of vitamin A levels in women. Pending confirmation by others, we propose that enhancement of this vitamin may contribute to the beneficial impact of the epsilon2 allele on human ageing and health.

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Specific immunotherapy using natural modified allergen vaccines is safe to treat allergic patients, even at higher doses and in mixtures of unrelated allergen extracts. The percentage of adverse reactions detected is lower than those reported in the literature with native unmodified allergen extracts.

Outcomes have improved much in the last years. Surgical removal is necessary in most cases. Transplantation is a very useful adjunct. Treatment of these tumors should be concentrated in centers with expertise.