The synthesis of silver-doped zinc oxide (Ag:ZnO) nanocomposite material was achieved using a simple chemical coprecipitation method, in which 0.2 M zinc chloride and 0.001 M silver nitrate coprecipitated with 25% ammonia solution by pulse mode dispersion using ultrasonicator. The obtained silvery white precipitate was dried overnight at 110 ∘ C in hot air oven, and the powder was collected. The resulted Ag:ZnO nanocomposite was structurally and optically characterized using various techniques. The Xray diffraction (XRD) pattern clearly showed the presence of crystalline Ag:ZnO particles. Further, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results showed the presence of Ag:ZnO nanocomposite at specific wavelengths. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirm that the synthesized Ag:ZnO nanocomposite material was truncated nanorod in shape and has 48 to 226 nm size in diameter.

Dip coating method is used for depositing Aluminium (Al) doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin films on glass substrate. Undoped, 1%, 3% and 5% Al doped ZnO thin films are prepared and their structural, morphological and optical properties are studied. X-ray diffraction study confirms that films are polycrystalline with hexagonal arrangement. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) is used to analyze the surface morphology and it shows the spherical like structure. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) pattern shows the presence of Zn, O and Al. UV-Vis. Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PLS) are used to study optical properties. Optical study indicates that both undoped and Aluminium doped ZnO films are transparent in UV region and closer to visible region. The band gaps of the films are 3.55eV, 3.68eV, 3.82eV and 3.25eV for undoped, 1%, 3% and 5% Aluminium doped ZnO films correspondingly.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were prepared by modified Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method. The optical, structural and antibacterial properties of the prepared ZnO films were analyzed as a function of its annealing temperature lying in the range of 250ºC to 450ºC. Optical properties were studied using UV-Visible spectroscopy and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PLS). Optical absorption spectra exhibited blue shift when compared to the bulk value and also the presence of interstitial Zn + ion defect and oxygen ion vacancy were confirmed in the prepared ZnO thin films by PL studies. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed the formation of hexagonal phase ZnO and the intensity of the film were found to increase with increase in annealing temperature. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) images show the presence of flower like structure and pinhole free film throughout the substrate. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E.coli) was highly dependent on the presence of interstitial Zn + ions and for Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) it was dependent on oxygen vacancy in the films.

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