Educational robotics has become one of the most effective methods to teach STEM concepts in a practical and didactic way at all educational level. In this context, the LEGO Mindstorms robotic platforms have been widely used due to their versatility ease of use and modularity. Despite this, most of the papers focus on K-12 and undergraduate levels, with little information reported in the literature about educational experiences at the graduate level. This article deals with the use of educational robotics for the teaching of mathematical concepts at the graduate level, and more specifically on the physical visualization of metrics (Euclidean, Taxicab, and Infinity), and the convergence of Cauchy's succession using a mobile robots LEGO Mindstorms NXT. The educational experience was applied to a group of graduate students who offered good comments on this type of educational activity and its usefulness to understand the mathematical concepts addressed. It was observed that this type of educational experiences motivates students to use mathematical concepts in interdisciplinary problems and encourages them to understand their functionality and application in the real world.
Los encoders de cuadratura son los sensores más ampliamente utilizados para medir la posición, velocidad y aceleración de motores. Para su correcto funcionamiento se requiere la implementación de circuitos de decodificación basados en el conteo de pulsos y la determinación de la dirección de rotación, que consideren el uso eficiente de recursos y la eliminación de errores. Dichos circuitos se implementan usualmente en microcontroladores; sin embargo, las FPGAs tienen características que las hacen ideales para este tipo de aplicaciones. En este trabajo se presenta un módulo IP para el acondicionamiento de cuatro encoders de cuadratura, que genera valores de conteo para cada encoder en una base de tiempo que puede ser determinada interna o externamente y elimina los errores que se presentan en los cambios de dirección de rotación. Se presentan los resultados de simulación de la descripción de hardware y su implementación en un robot móvil basado en FPGA.
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