When present as vapors, certain organic compounds offer inhibition against the corrosion of ferrous and nonferrous materials. The inhibitors include aliphatic, aromatic, cyclohexylamines, aminonitrobenzoates, heteroalkylated lower amines, etc. The mechanism of inhibition offered by these compounds was discussed and an unified mechanism was presented. Various methods of evaluating inhibition efficiency were discussed with a special reference to surface film characterization techniques. Methods of application of the vapor phase inhibitors and their industrial uses also were presented.

Atmospheric corrosion of mild steel, copper and zinc was studied in SO2 environment under dynamic flow conditions by weight loss measurements, and their corrosion prevention by the use of volatile corrosion inhibitors such as cyclohexylamine (CHA) and dicyclohexylamine (DCHA) is discussed. These studies assume importance as SO2 is one of the dominant pollutants in the atmosphere and more so in industrial belts affecting the stability of metal articles to a greater extent.

The efficacy of octylamine as a vapour phase corrosion inhibitor in different corrosive environments for carbon steel, copper and brass, and its biocidal action, have been examined. The protection of these metals from atmospheric corrosion using VPI (octylamine)‐impregnated paper was monitored by visual observation, weight loss measurements, polarisation scans and impedance measurements. The long‐term protection given by octylamine‐impregnated paper to these metals was examined by Stevenson’s chamber test. It was found that octylamine offered more than 80 per cent protection against atmospheric corrosion for carbon steel, copper and brass.

An attempt was made to dye an aqueous alkali swollen cotton with CI Reactive Red-31 from polar/nonpolar solvent mixtures. For this purpose acetone was selected as the nonpolar solvent and the various polar solvents were water, formamide, di methylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and dimethylacetamide. At a suitable ratio of solvent mixture and alkali concentration used for cotton preswelling, it was possible to get 100% dye bath exhaustion and dye fixation of 79-82%, except from dimeth ylformamide-acetone and dimethylacetamide-acetone solvent mixtures. The propor tion of polar-nonpolar solvent necessary to get highest dye bath exhaustion and dye fixation was dependent on the dielectric constant of the polar solvent. Some of the polar solvents were good swelling agents for cotton as indicated by their imbibition values and high dyebath exhaustion. It was therefore possible to carry out dyeing without water preswelling; however, since the alkali used for dye fixation was insoluble in the solvents, aqueous alkali preswelling was essential. Concentration of alkali re quired during preswelling to get maximum dye exhaustion and fixation was different for different polar solvent-acetone mixtures. This was attributed to the desorption and readsorption of alkali from the solvent mixtures to different extents.

An attempt was made to dye alkali swollen and alkali swollen solvent exchanged cotton with a C.I. Reactive Blue 5 dye from the mixture of dimethylformamide and various nonpolar solvents. At a suitable dimethylformamide-nonpolar solvent ratio and alkali concentration used for cotton pre-swelling, it was possible to get 100% dye bath exhaustion and dye fixation as high as 77%. The dyeability of cotton was dependent on the dielectric constant of the nonpolar solvent and its absence in the internal liquid phase closely associated with the fiber as demonstrated by the im bibition values.