The objectives of this study were to explore the influence of flushing and hormonal treatments on the follicular diameters and progesterone level during estrus and pregnancy rate in Egyptian ewe lambs. This study was carried out on 25 ewe lambs clinically healthy (body weight 27-33 Kg. and age 8-12 months). The animals divided into 5 groups; group 1: served as a control, group 2: received vaginal sponges impregnated medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) for 14 days, group 3: received vaginal sponges impregnated with MAP for 14 days, on day of sponge removal each animal injected with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), group 4: received gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 0, and injected with prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α ) on day 7, after 48 hours, animals treated with the second dose of GnRH and group 5: injected with PGF 2α 7 days and after 72 hours the animals injected with hCG during this period. Animals fed 3 kg. trifolium alexandrinum plus 500 gm concentrate diet. The results revealed that the follicular diameters (mm) showed higher (P<0.05) values after two days of the treatments than control group, and all treatment groups were increased (P<0.05) in the follicular diameters (mm) on both ovaries after the end of treatments within three days. In addition, during the first month of gestation period concentrations of serum progesterone were significantly (P<0.05) higher in groups 2 and 3 compared to groups 1 and 4. From this study we concluded that, using intra-vaginal sponges impregnated with medroxy-progesterone acetate plus pregnant mar serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and gonadotropin releasing hormone plus prostaglandin F2α (GPG) protocol, may be improved reproductive performance in native ewe lambs.

The study was investigated to compare the effectiveness of Folltropin and two products (Fostimon and Menogon) of a recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (rhFSH) on ovarian super-stimulation and embryo production in dairy Holstein cows. Two different doses for each super-ovulatory product were investigated. The relationship between the levels of Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) in the blood serum before super-stimulation initiation and ovarian response and embryos production were also evaluated. At random stage of the estrus cycle, the donor cows were received intra-vaginal controlled internal drug release device (CIDR) and injected with 100µg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). On fourth day of CIDR insertion, cows were divided according to the product types of superovulatory hormones into three equal main groups. According to hormonal dose, each main group was re-divided into two equally subgroups ; low and high dose. Superovulatory hormones was injected IM as decreasing doses; 40%, 30%, 20% and 10% of the total dose twice daily for 4 days. On day 7, CIDRs were removed and each cow received 2 doses of PGF 2 α with 12hr interval. Based upon heat detection, donor's cows were inseminated with frozen semen three times 8-10hrs interval and concurrent with 100µg GnRH injection at first insemination. Non-surgical embryos recovery was performed on day's 7-8 post insemination and ovarian super-stimulation was checked using sonography to estimate ovarian response. Recovered embryos were morphologically evaluated as grades. Twelve embryos collected from Menogon donors group were transferred to six recipient's cows. The mean numbers of CL, recovered embryo/ova, fertilized ova and transferable embryos are significantly (P<0.01) higher in Folltropin and Menogon treated cows than Fostimon group. Donor cows treated with high doses of Folltropin and Menogon showed higher means for transferable and freezable embryos. Three recipients (50%) who received embryos appeared pregnant and one of them born calf. Significant positive correlations were reported between AMH on one side and CL, total ovarian response, transferable and freezable embryos on the other side, and cows having AMH≥230ng/L exhibited significant higher means. In conclusion: Menogon can be used as rhFSH for embryos production with transferable quality. AMH can be used as indicator to helpful select cow's candidates as donors. More studies are needed using Fostimon accompanied with different levels of LH.

Objectives: To find out the role of administration of indomethacin prior to embryo transfer in cases of difficult mock embryo transfer in in-vitro fertilization/ intra cytoplasmic sperm injection cycle in improving the reproductive outcomes. Study Design: It is a randomized controlled trial. Patients and Methods:The study was conducted in the in vitro fertilization units of the University hospital as well as a private unit from the 2nd of June 2018 till the 2nd of December 2018. A total of two hundred in vitro fertilization/ intra cytoplasmic sperm injection cycles who had difficult mock embryo transfer on the day of ovum pick up. Women were randomly assigned into two groups; group A (study group: n=100) will receive 100mg indomethacin rectal suppository 1-2 hours before embryo transfer, while group B (control group: n=100) did not receive any medications before the embryo transfer. Results: Both groups were comparable regarding age, body mass index, basal hormones, and cause of infertility. The implantation (23.7% vs 20.8%, P value 0.906), clinical pregnancy (48% vs 40%, P value 0.254), and ongoing pregnancy (40% vs 36%, P value 0.560) rates were higher in the indomethacin group, but not reaching statistical significance. Conclusion: Indomethacin , as adjuvant therapy, has no statistically significant role on in cases with difficult embryo transfer in in-vitro fertilization/ intra cytoplasmic sperm injection cycles.