The study determined the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues and assesses health risks linked with the consumption of vegetables cultivated in the Yamaltu area in Gombe, Nigeria. OCPs residues were solvent extracted and analyzed with a high performance liquid chromatography equipped with UV/VIS Detector. The mean concentrations of ten detected OCPs residues were almost all above the set limit of EU/WHOMRL. The estimated daily intake of OCPs from samples was below the acceptable daily intake, hazard index estimated were <1, indicated no probable non-carcinogenic health effect, while the carcinogenic health effect showed that children were more vulnerable for the consumption of the contaminated vegetables.

The study determined the content of pesticide residues in vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, calyces, and tiger nut), obtained from markets in Gombe, Nigeria. Health risk parameters were also determined to evaluate the health risk associated with their consumption. A total of 72 samples (cabbage, lettuce, calyces and tiger nut) were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography with UV/VIS Detector (HPLC-UV/VIS). A total of 18 pesticide residues were detected: nine organochlorines (OCs), five organophosphates (OPs), and  four pyrethroids (PYs). The residual contents of nine OCs ranged from 0.00 to 0.098 μg/kg and found in 61.87%, 60.99%, 63.69%, and 63.89% of cabbage, lettuce, calyces and tiger nut samples respectively, five OPs with concentrations ranging from 0.00 to 0.043 μg/kg were found in 22.69%, 21.89%, 19.49% and 22.21% of cabbage, lettuce, calyces and tiger nut samples respectively. In similar order, four PYs with concentrations that ranged from 0.00 to 0.046 μg/kg were found in 15.44%, 17.04%, 16.82% and 13.89% of the vegetables. Themean estimated daily intake of pesticides in the studied samples was lower than that of acceptable daily intakes. The hazard index obtained was less than one, indicating no probable adverse health effect on both children and adult consumers. However, monitoring and continuous stringent regulation should be imposed with regard to the usage of pesticides in vegetables, and other food stuff for public health protection. Keywords: Hazard Index, Health risk, Nut, Pesticide residues, Vegetables

This study determined the levels of some metals in water from major source of drinking water to Gombe town and environs. metals were then used to determine the chronic daily intake, the hazard quotient and the total hazard index on both adults and chi metals determined. The results showed that manganese, copper and cobalt pose a potential health risk as their hazard quotients are greater than one with manganese having a CDI of 0.051mg/kg/day for adults and 0.069mg/ recommended reference dose of manganese which is 0.04mg/kg/day. The found to be 0.001mg/kg/day for both adults and children. This is higher than the recommended reference dose of cobalt which is 0. reference dose of 0.004mg/kg/day but the results for this study show a CDI value of 0.01mg/kg/day for adults and children respectively. This is higher than the RfD and thus copper is a potential health risk metals all have values higher than unity and they contribute to the Total Hazard Index (THI) giving it a high value of 13.225 for adults and 17.18 mg/kg/day for children. that there is need for further monitoring of these metals in the water from Kwadon boreholes.