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BACKGROUND: Essential arterial hypertension (AH) develops more often in children with accompanying risk factors — obesity, overweight, positive heredity and genetic predisposition.AIM: Study of peculiarities of arterial hypertension clinical course in adolescents with normal body weight, overweight and obesity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on children with arterial hypertension who received treatment in two hospitals in Voronezh in 2016–2020. A retrospective analysis of the children’s case histories was carried out taking into account the anamnesis, clinical laboratory and instrumental examination data and the pharmacotherapy. Some children underwent polymerase chain reaction genetic testing to determine pathological alleles of genes regulating blood pressure (BP).RESULTS: 96 patients aged 9 to 17 took part in the study. The group with normal body weight included 38 children (39.6%), median age 16.4 (aged 10.7; 17.9), with overweight — 33 people (34.4%), median age 15.2 (aged 12.0; 17.9), with obesity — 25 children (26.0%), median age 14.5 (aged 9.2; 17.9). Obese children developed arterial hypertension at earlier age (p = 0.023). According to blood pressure daily monitoring (BPDM), pathological values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) during the day (above the 95th percentile) among children with normal body weight were observed in 17 patients (44.7%), with excess body weight — in 14 people (42.4%), with obesity — in 16 people (64%), p = 0.031. Accurate difference values between the groups were obtained in terms of time index (TI) of SBP at night (p = 0.006). Time index of diastolic BP during the day > 50% was observed only in the obese children group — 4 people (16%) (p = 0.042). Pathological alleles of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT: 704 T>C), aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2: -344 C>T) and endothelial nitrogen synthase type 3 (NOS3: -786 T> C) were identified most frequently during genetic testing in some patients.CONCLUSION: Children with obesity developed earlier arterial hypertension compared to the same-age children with normal body weight and more often had unfavorable type of arterial hypertension according to BPDM. These results can be used to choose individual therapy and to develop special attention as regards certain target organs damage.

To fully use the biological potential of a sertain breed, it must fit into the specific environmental conditions, which in each zone differ in their specific characteristics (fertility and agrophysical state of the soil, hydrothermal regimes, insolation indicators, etc.). Knowing the individual reaction (adaptability) of the breed will allow it to be used in specific agrolandscapes, where it will provide maximum returns. The parameters of ecological plasticity, stability and homeostaticity of four soybean breeds and four breeds of field peas under sharply continental conditions in the south of Central Siberia are defined as adaptability criteria. It has been established that the Yakhont pea breed and the Sibiryachka soybean breed are more demanding on high growing conditions. Ruslan and Kemchug pea breeds and SibNIIK 315 and Sibniiskhoz 6 soybean breeds showed a change in yield corresponding to a change in growing conditions. Radomir pea breed and Zaryanitsa soybean breed are recommended to be grown on an extensive background, where they will give maximum returns at a minimum cost. The soybean breeds SibNIIK 315 and Sibniiskhoz 6 and the pea breed Kemchug were distinguished by their homeostatic index. They are characterized by lower yield variability with its high expression. Significant differences in yield stability, both of soybean and pea breeds were not observed, since Fф < F05.

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