Currently, a promising area of agricultural development in Russia and in the world is the development of software for digitalization of agriculture. Based on the analysis of regional scientifi c researches on the use of the most effective combinations of resource-saving agricultural techniques in grain cultivation technologies, a software application has been developed; it allows users to automatically generate individualized adaptive agricultural techniques for cultivating 12 crops for 8 regions of the European part of the Russian Federation, based on the entered values of key indicators of agricultural landscape. The work consistently addresses the issues of the need for digitalization of agriculture, describes the results of ongoing research on this topic, outlines the directions for further research on such developments, and, based on authors' research presents the stage-by-stage process of developing and testing application software. As a result of the research, a fi nished product was created and tested i.e. a computer program that solves not only the problem of increasing the effi ciency of grain cultivation, but also ensuring the environmental orientation of the technologies due to the effi cient use of fertilizers, fuel and chemical plant protection products, choice of the optimal variety or hybrid of crops, and used farming equipment, based on import substitution and calculation of the chosen agrotechnology cost-effectiveness, which is extremely important and relevant at present. The proposed software package consists of a client-server application for personal computers, a Web application, a mobile application for smartphones based on the Android operating system, two databases (for personal computers and for the online version of the application).

Under the conditions of modern high-tech agricultural production, there is a need to develop tools contributing to the scientifically based selection of adaptive varieties and hybrids, considering agrotechnological and soil-climatic features specific for each individual agricultural system. Their development and further implementation in agriculture will contribute to stable and profitable yields of grain crops. Solving this problem, issues related to the definition of criteria that accurately describe the characteristics of the conditions and the degree of their impact on cultivated varieties and hybrids of grain crops are of great importance. The process of cultivar changing due to the changes of climatic, environmental, economic and other conditions is quite common in agriculture and therefore, there is an obvious need of agricultural producers for development of such software. As a result of the research work, a concise mathematical model, an algorithm, a database structure and software were developed to enable obtaining a list of most appropriate varieties/hybrids of main grain crops for the conditions of the European part of the Russian Federation on the basis of user-defined parameters (depending on the selected grain crop). The software was designed in the form of a Web-application accessible from any device connected to the Internet, and the program interfaces were fitted for personal computers, tablet devices and smartphones. The application allows flexible configuration to add new crops, varieties (hybrids) and parameters without changing the source code of the program modules.

В настоящее время развитие адаптивно-ландшафтной системы земледелия наряду с точным земледе-лием является одним из самых перспективных направлений совершенствования производства растениевод-ческой продукции во всем мире. В то же время дальнейшее совершенствование систем земледелия долж-но базироваться не только на новейших достижениях традиционных областей агрономической науки, но и с привлечением междисциплинарных исследований, позволяющих более эффективно использовать резуль-таты современных научных исследований. В данной статье приводятся результаты научного исследования по разработке структуры нормативно-справочной базы данных системы поддержки сельхозтоваропроизво-дителей по рациональному выбору высокорентабельных адаптивных технологий возделывания зерновых культур с учетом современных тенденций в развитии отечественного земледелия, включающие перечень необходимых технологических приемов с учетом условий их эффективного использования, целесообразных сельскохозяйственных агрегатов, орудий и машин, а также сортов и гибридов зерновых культур. В результа-те анализа и систематизации обширных экспериментальных данных по оптимизации и ресурсосбережению агротехнологий в различных природно-климатических условиях Европейской части Российской Федерации получено принципиально новое решение выбора рациональной технологии возделывания зерновых куль-тур, позволяющее специалистам-аграриям избежать ошибочных решений и, соответственно, максимально эффективно использовать имеющиеся в хозяйстве природные и материальные ресурсы. Структура разрабо-танной нормативно-справочной базы данных включает в себя три блока: блок данных исходной (вводимой) информации, блок данных нормативной информации, блок данных расчетных алгоритмов. В дальнейшем, на основе разработанной базы данных, будет создана программа для ЭВМ «Система поддержки сельхозто-варопроизводителей по рациональному выбору высокорентабельных адаптивных технологий возделывания зерновых культур», позволяющая в диалоговом режиме на основе введенной исходной информации дать обоснованную рекомендацию по использованию конкретной агротехнологии с целью получения устойчи-вого и высокорентабельного производства растениеводческой продукции заданного количества и качества. Nowadays, landscape specific agriculture development, along with precision farming, is one of the most promising areas for improving crop production worldwide. At the same time, further farming systems improvement should be based not only on the latest achievements of traditional fields of agronomical science, but on some of the interdisciplinary researches, that make good use of the results of modern scientific research. The study addresses the results of the scientific study on the development of the normative-reference database structure for agricultural manufacturers support system and rational choice of cost-effective technologies for grain crops cultivation, taking into account the current trends in the development of native agriculture, including a list of the necessary technological methods and the condition...

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As a result of the studies it is found that applied low rates of mineral fertilizers in the fertilization system when cultivating winter wheat increased its yield to 21%, the higher rates (N64P78K78) gave yield increase to 45% (compared with the options with unapplied fertilizers), in spring barley yield increases were more significant: up to 36 and 58%, respectively. In addition to increasing yields, the use of low rates of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of winter wheat significantly contributed to the increase in gluten content in the variants with cereal-fallow-row crop(C-F-RC) rotation and the system of combined primary tillage, the increase in gluten quality (by GDM) – only in the variants withC-F-RC rotation and plowing. The application of the increased rate of mineral fertilizers significantly raised the content of gluten and its quality in all the studied variants.