Numerical simulation of the dislocation motion in 2D Frenkel -Kontorova (FK) model in the thermostat shows an unusual dynamical behavior. It appears that "kink" regime of dislocation gliding takes place in a certain region of parameters of the model but, in disagreement with the common views about the dislocation motion under plastic deformation condition, the kinks appear to be similar to sine-Gordon solitons despite the discreteness of the lattice, damping and thermal fluctuations. At high enough stresses and temperatures the motion of the dislocation is accompanied by its oscillations rather than kink nucleation. 05.45, 61.72.Lk, 61.72.Bb,

No abstract

A computer simulation of thermofluctuation nucleation of kinks on dislocations and their dynamics is carried out in the framework of two-dimensional (2D) Frenkel-Kontorova model. It is shown that at relatively low temperatures and applied stresses the kinks can appear as a result of developing instability of phonon modes localized in the vicinity of the dislocation. The transition from this mechanism to the ordinary thermofluctuation kink nucleation with temperature increase can reveal itself in the peculiarities of yield stress temperature dependence.

No abstract

This article examines the methods of enhancement of the capacity, operating potentials, discharge characteristics, and simplification of designs of liquid-piston (water-packed ring) compressors.The study of the technical problem of modernization and broadening of application of liquid-piston (water-packed ring) compressors stands in the forefront of research in the domain of enhancement of capacity (delivery), operational potentials, discharge characteristics, simplification of designs, raising accuracy of eccentricity calculation, etc.Since liquid-piston compressors belong to positive-displacement machines with rotating working parts, the sphere of their application and use can be broadened for accelerating mass-transfer processes, which are characterized by conversion of substances from one phase to another. The new designs include modification of the layouts of the profiled (shaped) grooves, arrangement of plates (vanes) with the possibility for moving in the radial direction through spring-controlled channels. The arrangement of other components with differing specific features and oriented by their width to the rotor axis within the limits of right angle makes it possible to reduce the gap in the radial direction and the degree of leakage in the working zone in the case of formation of liquid rings. This is achieved by combining two characteristics of the speed of action (responsiveness) of ultimate vacuum in the case where the plate (vane) ends fit snugly. Formation of a diverging cone facilitates making of working surfaces with differing angularities (slopes).It can be stated that the study of the rotation speed of an eccentrically placed rotor at relatively low speeds evokes the maximum interest [1].Thermodynamic and kinetic instability of colloidal and heterogeneous systems is a positive factor for improving mass transfer. The phase rule allows fixing of definite limits, within which may occur mass-transfer reactions. It is possible to find the optimum values and to analyze the state of the system by graphic-analytical means.Vortex formation on the exterior side of the peripheral parts of the vanes in the boundary layer separation process, which causes noise and vibrations, since there emerges indistinct flow around the tail part of the impeller vanes, is a poorly studied aspect [2].However, the crossflows between the vanes at a certain rotor speed can be used in some cases as a positive factor in the case of formation of caverns (pockets) for flushing out or breaking-up of depositions during servicing.The experimental studies showed that at high rotor speeds the centrifugal force presses the nonwettable (moisturerepelling) particles containing liquid (talc, soot, etc.) against the casing walls but does not roll out.At very low speeds rotary motion is not achieved, in which case one layer rolling out on another causes friction of the particles against each other, which is essential for partial granulation in the liquid-piston (water-packed ring) compressor chamber.Organoleptic evaluation of the propertie...