The membrane potential of mitochondria determines, to a large extent, their functional state and the response to the changing conditions of the environment. A correlation was found between the changes in the optical characteristics of isolated mitochondria and the composition of the incubation medium, which determines the potential of the inner mitochondrial membrane. The measurements performed by the method of coherent phase microscopy made it possible to establish a linear dependence of the phase height on the value of the membrane potential and to calculate the electrooptical constant, K approximately equal to (3-4) x 10(-7) m/V.

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The use of coherent phase microscopy for online quantitative registration of nucleolar reaction to transcription inhibition is validated. Reduction of phase thickness of the nucleoli was detected during the first minutes of the experiment; 30 min after addition of the drug rarefaction zones predominated and areas of condensation were seen. These changes reflect the dynamics of disorders in the nucleolar ultrastructure during transcription inhibition.

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