В данной работе представлены результаты обследования и клинического наблюдения 90 пациентов в возрастной категории от 45 до 55 лет с выявленным хроническим генерализованным пародонтитом легкой и средней степени тяжести. Исследуемые были разделены на три группы. Стандартное пародонтологическое лечение сопровождалось назначением физиотерапевтических методов на ткани пародонта. В процессе лечения обследуемым в разных группах (I и II основная) назначили магнитолазер аппаратом «КАП-Пародонтолог» и дарсонвализацию аппаратом «Искра-1», в контрольной группе физиотерапевтическое лечение не проводилось. Диагностическими критериями оценки являлись индекс налета и индекс зубного камня OHI-S Грина-Вермиллиона, папиллярно-маргинально-альвеолярный индекс PMA, индекс кровоточивости десневой борозды SBI до начала лечения и после с диспансерным наблюдением через 1, 3, 6 и 12 месяцев. В процессе диспансерного наблюдения пациентов вновь учитывались показатели критериев. Анализ сравнительных параметров, по результатам полученных данных, существенных различий магнитолазеротерапии и дарсонвализации по эффективности воздействия на ткани пародонта не выявил. Физиотерапевтический метод оправдан в комплексном пародонтологическом лечении и способствует быстрейшему купированию воспалительного процесса и выздоровлению пациентов. Ключевые слова: пародонтит, индекс Грина-Вермиллиона (OHI-S), индекс PMA, индекс кровоточивости (SBI), магнитолазер, дарсонвализация.
In this clinical study, the effect of photodynamic therapy and ultraviolet radiation on the effectiveness of the treatment of periodontal diseases was examined according to the results of an index assessment. Clinical examination of 95 patients of both sexes aged from 18 to 32 years revealed chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis (K05.1). The main index criteria for comparative parameters in all study groups were: simplified OHI-S hygiene index, Mullemann-Cowell bleeding index, PMA index. The indices were measured before and after treatment with subsequent control examinations in 1 month, 3 months, 6 months. The patients were divided into three groups and each group underwent standard periodontal treatment aimed at stopping the inflammatory process and preventing its further development. In the first group, the treatment was supplemented with the use of the FotoSan LED lamp with a wavelength of 630 nm, in the second the “Quasar” ultraviolet irradiator was used, in the third (control) group, the complex of therapeutic measures was carried out without physiotherapeutic procedures. According to the results of the study, the use of photodynamic therapy significantly accelerates the regenerative processes of periodontal epithelial tissue and reduces the number of treatment sessions.
Deprogramming of masticatory group muscles is an integral step in determining and fixing the centric jaw relation in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with orthopedic and orthodontic pathology of the maxillary system. The review presents the main methods for determining the centric jaw ratio using deprogramming of masticatory muscles, as well as indications for the use of these methods. In complete adentia, the most acceptable are the method of non-forced control of the mandibular movements, the Dawson method, the Schiler method, the method of recording the Gothic angle, transcutaneous electroneurostimulation. The above-listed methods can be used in partial adentia as well, and in the presence of all teeth in the oral cavity. In the pathology of the temporomandibular joint, deprogramming methods using the Lucia jig, a leaf gauge, Sliding Guide, as well as the method of recording the Gothic angle will also perform a diagnostic function. With the help of these methods, it is possible to change the design of long-wearing deprogrammers and medical devices. The most universal of these methods are the method of electronic recording of the Gothic arch and transcutaneous electroneurostimulation.
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