This paper presents original methods and approaches to implement virtual environment system for one of the International Space Station module. Common structure of such system is described, based on using modern technologies of virtual reality (VR), including VR headset Oculus Rift CV1 and Kinect device. To provide human interaction with an environment synthesized by means of computer, a model of virtual observer is introduced into threedimensional scene of space module interior. A problem of combining such observer with the operator located in real world is considered in detail. Proposed solutions can be used as a part of cosmonaut training complexes in order to orient trainees in the internal space of the module as well as to develop their skills of onboard equipment control.

Existing virtual reality (VR) technologies can be used in designing the new type simulation complexes that will allow improving quality of the technical facilities for cosmonaut training and expanding the range of modeling tasks. The paper considers the main potentials of the VirSim system and its applica-tion for space purposed simulators and simulation-modeling stands.

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The paper describes methods and approaches for implementation of traces from virtual prototypes of wheeled technical vehicles on solid objects in three-dimensional virtual scenes. Use of particle systems hierarchically linked to wheel models is the basis of solutions developed. Original type of particle system is proposed, in which generation of elements is regulated by special control signal. Creation, processing, storage and destruction of particles is performed by means of the CUDA architecture with use of computing cores of modern graphics processor and video memory resources. Creating geometric model of each particle and its rendering is carried out on programmable graphics pipeline with own vertex, geometry and fragment shaders. Visualization of virtual environment with simulation of wheel tracks is performed in real time. Software modules were created based on developed methods and approaches. Approbation of them was carried out in virtual environment system VirSim and showed adequacy and effectiveness of proposed solutions for simulation of wheel tracks in virtual environment systems and training complexes.

The article considers computer-based prototyping as part of simulation stands and space simulators for future human-robotic space exploration, as well as features of using virtual environment systems (VES) for this purpose. The article describes the formulation of research tasks related to the use of VES-based simulation stands and systems in modeling the cosmonauts’ activities relying on the experience of designing orbital simulators. In prospect it will justify the composition and purpose of the VES modules for lunar projects and clarify the use of VR-technologies in the simulation of robotic operations during human exploration of the moon.