In this research work, the intravascular catheter surface was modified with antibacterial coatings for the prevention of bacterial biofilm formation. Surface was coated with two synergistic drug combinations (Moxifloxacin-Ornidazole) grafted with a biodegradable carrier (DL-lactic acid). The carrier acts like bridging agent between catheter surface and drugs; it also allows the drug mixtures to get released from the surface very stable. So that the concentrations of the drugs would get released at sustained rate with an initial drug burst concentrations. To evaluate the biofilm producing capability of the test organisms, Microtitre plate assay was employed. The qualitative antibacterial activity of the coated catheters was evaluated against the test organisms (Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans). Good and evident inhibitory zones around the coated catheters were found potential in preventing the growth of biofilm producers. In conclusion, the obtained results revealed that the catheter surface modified with antibacterial coatings have prevented catheter-associated biofilm producing organisms.

To investigate the anti-biofilm and anti-atherosclerotic properties of metabolites from a mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus was selected as the main objective of present study. The study involved the following series of steps to meet the objective. Coating the metal stents with fungal metabolites and vitamin-E, to study the anti-biofilm properties against biofilm producing bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), to determine the drug release behaviour from the coated stents, and to investigate the cytotoxic assay and biocompatibility of the coated stents using MTT assay method. Anti-biofilm activity of the developed Metabolite-Vitamin E (MVE) combinations showed significant activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis (0.5mg/ml) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.75mg/ml). Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus expressed respective anti-biofilm values of 0.5mg/ml, 0.25mg/ml and 0.5mg/ml. Drug release behaviour analysis revealed controlled and sustained release of fungal metabolites from the stents coated with Metabolite-Vitamin E mixture. In vitro MTT assay revealed that Metabolite-Vitamin E did not inhibit the growth of L929 fibroblast cells; indicating the biocompatibility of the coated stents. Mushrooms producing pharmacologically significant metabolites could be exploited in treating cardiovascular diseases in human beings to a greater extent. Future analysis could be useful in identifying the significant chemical compounds present in the metabolites.