During the HAJieutics Radar Experimentation' Medlterranean sea [I] (HAREM); conducted in August 1989 in the golfe du Lion off the western Mediterranean coast of Europe, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the sea and lagoon surface and concurrent independent 'observations and measurements were collected in order to. test the potential of some applications of SAR imaging theories to halieutics. These theories [2], [4]-[6] have been developed to explain the SAR signal modulation in relationship with small variations of water roughness induced by internal wave or current or wind field variations. Analysis' of the HAREM data indicates, for the first time, that the marine surface life (here, tuna schools and marine mammals) and fishing activities (here, nets and fish traps) can generate aSAR signal modulation of comparable order of magnitude at the C•band (S.3 GHz). This has confirmed expectation for SAR, after. the preliminary experiment made in X•band (9.6 GHz). From the HAREM data, the results of satellite simulations, considering ERSI characteristics, are presented and show good promise for fishing activity surveys. This high sensitivity of SAR provides unique opportunities to obtain direct information on fishing and surface marine life activities in large survey areas. From that, we assume that the aerial SAR data and, under certain conditions, satellite SAR data may dramatically enhance and complement classical methods (statistics) used in fishery.management, the essential goal in halieutics.

Visible and near-visible sensors, which have been widely used in the beginning of the period of interest, have been later overshadowed by the availability of sensors using the microwave part of the spectrum. However, the latter years of this period have shown an obvious come-back with numerous experiments flown with new generation equipment. This paper describes briefly the first generation sensors and how they were used in airborne experiments, explains the developments being conducted from mechanical to push-broom scanners and to non-scanning sensors, shows how some sensors were being integrated in comprehensive systems and what is the trend found in the later years of the period of reference. This is illustrated by examples of existing equipment in France and in Europe, and two case studies: one on the Dutch CAESAR push-broom scanner, the other on the Oceanographic Lidar System developed by the University of Oldenburg in Germany.

T h e i n t e r p r e t a t i o n o f s p a c e b o r n e r a d a r i m a g e r y h a s d e m Q n s t r a t e d i t s a b i l i t y t o s h o w s e a b o t t o m m o r p h o l o g y a now w e l l -known phenomenon. On-shore u s e o f r a d a r i m a g e s i s a l s o f a m o u s for i t s a p p l i c a t i o n s t o s t r u c t u r a l g e o l o g y . I n the p r e s e n t p a p e r we l i n k the on shore s t r u c t u r e d e t e c t e d on the I s l e of W i g h t , on SEASAT-SAR i m a g e r y t o o f f -s h o r e s t r u c t u r e s Seen i n the s e a b o t t o m m o r p h o l o g y . SPOT i m a g e r y i s also i n v e s t i g a t e d f o rthe same p u r p o s e . I m a g i n g r a d a r , g e o l o g y , s e a b o t t o m f e at u r e s , SEASAT, SPOT

No abstract