The review considers the main points of the concept of progressive chronic heart failure (CHF). The neurohumoral model of CHF pathogenesis could create novel approaches to treating these patients. However, recent studies have shown that the ways of activating the neurohumoral systems in CHF are much more complex. The increased local synthesis of hormones causes the activation of proinflammatory cytokines and proto-oncogenes, which have a number of negative effects. Multiple studies have formulated the immunoinflammatory concept of CHF pathogenesis, according to which the increased concentration of interleukin-6 is a marker of poor prognosis in CHF, and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α directly correlates with the severity of its clinical manifestations and the activity of the neurohumoral background in decompensation. The review gives a classification of cytokines and describes the reasons for their elevated plasma concentration, their possible role in the occurrence and progression of CHF, and their prognostic significance. The pathogenesis of CHF, which includes cytokine aggression, requires further studies of the effect of the inflammatory component on the course of heart failure.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the ARVI prevention effectiveness in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) using interferon inducer amixin. Materials and methods. Conducted a comprehensive survey, dynamic monitoring and treatment of 60 patients aged from 49 to 70 years (mean age 60.25±4.57 years, 17 men and 43 women) with CHF with preserved ejection fraction of left ventricle (LVEF) (≥50%), II-III functional class (FC) according to the classification of new York Heart Association (NYHA), which developed as a result of coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertensive disease (HD). Of these, 30 patients (group 1) on the background of standard therapy for CHF received for the prevention of ARVI tiloron (Amixin) at a dose of 125 mg once a week for 6 weeks, two courses for 1 year. Group 2 patients received only standard therapy for CHF. Results. A decrease in the frequency of ARVI in patients with CHF treated with Amixin was found, which was accompanied by a decrease in the severity of subclinical inflammation by reducing the production of proinflammatory (IL-1β) and increasing the production of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, reducing neurohumoral activation (reducing levels of aldosterone and Nt-proBNP), increasing the level of α- and γ-interferon. The positive dynamics of biomarkers of systemic inflammation and neurohormonal activation explains the improvement of the clinical course in patients with CHF (increase of tolerance to physical loads, reducing the number of visits to General practitioner and hospital admissions in the hospital during 12 months of observation). Conclusion. A promising approach to the prevention of SARS in patients with CHF is course therapy with Amixin (2 times a year before the seasonal rising in the incidence of respiratory viral infections and influenza), which allows to achieve both decreasing in the frequency of SARS per year, and improvement the clinical course of CHF.

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