No abstract

Possible ways to develop the sieves of cleaning machines due to indicators improvements, increasing the quality of separation are presented. Sieve vibration modes in the horizontal plane applied to the sieve-cleaning machine are considered. Regularities of the grain separation process of the flat sieves vibrating in the horizontal plane are also presented. The dependences between grain material parameters and the uniform seed distribution over the sieve area with different directions of sieve vibrations are given. It is revealed that the complication of law results of sieves vibrations increases the probability of the sieve hole that particle are entering which allows one to increase the quality of grain heap separation, thereby significantly affecting the performance of the grain machine. Circular vibrations of punching sieves with the holes set at an angle to the direction of gathering to produce grain movement on the cycloid relative to the sieve surface and spin on its axis relative to the sieve hole. This movement of grain improves the quality of its separation from weeds.

The article “Investigation of moving flat hexagonal disk attachment” reviewed the operation of flat hexagonal disk attachment used on discer for tilling the soil, exposed to wind erosion. The research of flat disk attachment is carried out in FSBEI HE OSAU named by P.A. Stolypin. The main laws are set and described and the quality evaluation criteria of cutting up weed vegetation δ in dependence upon angle of attack, cultivation depth and the distance between discs on the shaft are also represented. Using received dependences in practice it is not difficult to define the quality of weed vegetation cutting up and when required to make regulations of disc implement for quality weed vegetation cutting up. Arrangement is done by setting of basic parameters of stubble cleaner: angle of attack, cultivation depth and the distance between discs on the axle.

Abstract. Soil condition influences on its water conductivity, defining the completeness usage of atmospheric precipitations. Water conductivity relatively may be divided into summer and winter. Summer water conductivity depends much upon ground density but winter water conductivity solves more demanding challenge -accumulation of all winter precipitations in short time and depends not so much upon the density as its moisture [1].It is obvious, that ground moisture and the depth of its freezing define of snowmelt runoff and reflect the ability of the frozen ground to pass through itself moisture. However, more passing over the moisture is carried out by the soil with less moisture of topsoil and the depth of its freezing before spring period. Thus, carried out investigations allow to understand thoroughly the nature of spring flow of melt water and the character of washing away the soil from the slope. During crop cultivation in the steppe zone some parts of the soil rotation (up to 30%) is occupied by fallow fields, without vegetation for much time. These soils are more subjected to water and wind erosion. In this case the only possible methods of conservation them from destruction are special regional agrotechnical methods and means of tillage mechanization. Formation of planting holes on the field surface made by digging and embossing (pressing) will be more acceptable method of soil conservation from erosion under complex topography when the same field has versatile exposure and different steepness slope up to 4°. There are few articles devoted to the problem of antierosive treatment. But high agrotechnical effectiveness of holing by embossing (pressing) method on the steep slope up to 4° [2] has been established in these works. Decreasing water holding capacity of the holes influenced by form and the size of the holes as well as their position relatively slope is taken place by increasing the slope steepness. In order to exclude the influence of these factors on the hole capacity it is recommended to form them of bowl form with small capacity and in order to accumulate all snowmelt runoff on the unit area it is recommended to regulate the amount of holes, defined the total water holding capacity of this area. The aim of the investigation is prevention of water erosion on the fallow fields with the slope up to 4° according to the sizes and forms substantiation of embossed holes, defined hydrometrical criteria of melt water flowing.

Possible ways to improve operating elements of grain cleaning machines due to mobilization factors directly influence on qualitative and quantitative aspects of separation are presented. In relation to sieve grain cleaning machine the technological process of grain mixture separation on the sieve is presented as a block diagram. Some variants of mathematical description (models) consideration of grain material separation process are also given. The dependencies between parameters of grain material and uniformity of seed distribution on sieve area are given. Calculation formulas and schemes of definition probability of a particle entering the hole are presented. It is established, that in the range β from 0 to 30° probability of particle passage increases from 0.315 to 0.548, that is 1.74 times.