Introduction. This paper analyzes how the journalists’ professional identity is changing in the reality of hybrid media system. Understanding of journalists’ professional identity is based upon the conclusion that information environment is building the journalists’ characters today. The mixing of media and digital technologies leads to the hybridization of media in its basis. Journalist’s activities within the present media system lead to contradictory and sometimes odd effects.Methodology and sources. The comparison and generalization of expert interviews, public opinion polls and official documents and media texts were applied. Content analyses of journalist’s papers and discourse analysis of theoretical studies were also used to study the professional identity of journalists.Results and discussion. In this paper we try to answer how does the global digital environment affect the conditions, goals and effects of journalist’s professional activities? How the journalist’s professional activity changes? What characteristics of journalist should be included in the professional identity that appears in the hybrid media system? We consider such factors affecting political journalists’ self-identification as recruiting organization and its founders’ proximity to the power structures, pool of experts, party allegiance and journalist’s skills including the level of technological equipment and understanding the modern network principles of the life of information.Conclusion. Due to the increasing amount of information social uncertainty is rising and it is becoming harder and harder to forecast media impact on the public consciousness. Studies among journalists in Russia, Europe and USA show that professional selfidentification is blurred within personal, professional and virtual roles and results in hybrid identity that sometimes consists of mutually exclusive values. It is possible to suggest that structure changes in professional identity structure will affect the components of professionalism in the future.

Introduction. The paper analyzes the strategies for the formation of European identity.  The author examines how identity was conceptualized in political science through the history of the development of the concepts of nation and community. The constructivist interpretation of the nation as an “imaginary community” and the understanding of identity as a direct holistic understanding of oneself as a unique unit of the national political culture in relation to the rest of the world today form the basis of the political direction of European integration.Methodology and sources. In conducting the study, a comparative historical method, an analysis of sources (official documents, scientific and journalistic texts), a discourse analysis, and also data from opinion polls were used.Results and discussion. Political crises of the last two decades have shown that the dominant theories of European integration in the last century, focused on economic aspects, are not always able to give adequate answers to the political challenges of our time, which sometimes puts the construction of a united Europe in a precarious position. The question of what makes Europe common remains open and no less, and perhaps even more relevant than before. The political essence of united Europe remains abstract and is not fully understood by Europeans as the subjective component of an individual political culture. In this paper, an attempt is made to trace the transformation of a request for political identity. Promising for the sociocultural development of European identity and the formation of a collective sense of self is a guide to the deliberative activities of the population and elites to determine the vector of political integration.  A constructivist approach in this direction allows us to make positive forecasts for relations between the EU and Russia.Conclusion. The obviousness of the ideological request for the construction of a European identity is manifested in the nature of current scientific discourse, broadcast through the media and mass culture products, and is also formulated in the system of priorities of Europeans.  In fact, the 2010-ies became for the EU a period when the political component of integration processes began to come to the fore.

Fin-de-Siècle Europe appears in the prose of the Czech poet and writer Jiři Karasek from Lvovice (1871–1951) as a mystical space full of nostalgia and claustrophobia, which force the characters to experience the hereditary involvement of history. This is, for example, how the hero of the novel “Gothic Soul” (Czech: Gotická Duše) feels. The novel shows Prague at the turn of the century as a place where the past is more real than the present. The trilogy “Novels of the Three Magicians” (Czech: Romány tří mágů), inspired by the legends about European “sorcerers”, uses Vienna, Venice, and Prague as magic or decadent territories that affect the characters’ behaviour. Karasek creates urban images with decadent aesthetics by applying special features and techniques. Among them we can highlight the night atmosphere, intentional emphasis on the artificiality of the reality, and the description of the scene with the symbols of decline or decay. Such a subjective view from the eyes of a decadent character can open up a city from a unique perspective, making it possible to distinguish previously unseen details. The image of Prague in Karasek’s works is dual and ambivalent. On the one hand, it is an aesthetically artifi cial decadent Prague and on the other, a mystical, magical Prague. Venice by Karasek is also a decadent city where only the past is alive. With help of Karasek’s prose one can obtain the prism of decadent and “gothic” novels — rather rare and original for Czech literature genres. His works also give us the opportunity to experience the lost atmosphere of pre-war Europe.

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Introduction. The article analyzes the scientific, political and social directions of technology development using artificial intelligence in the context of the global digital race. The strategies for achieving technological sovereignty, adopted by the largest countries of the world, and the place and role of artificial intelligence in them are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of statistical indicators of the achievements of the world's leading states in the field of digital technologies. The scientific, political, economic, regulatory and social resources of the Russian Federation are also being explored, allowing them to become one of the global leaders in digital and technological development.Methodology and sources. The theoretical and methodological base of the study were the classical socio-economic concepts of technological and innovative development (K. Marx,  T. Veblein, J. Schumpeter etc.). In the practical part of the study, we used such methods as analysis of documents (reports of the Analytical Center for the Government of the Russian Federation and the Competence Center of the NTI “Artificial Intelligence” of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, analytics from the the Russian International Affairs Council, Oxford Insights, Tortoise etc.) and comparative analysis. The empirical base was data from an analysis of the experience of China, the United States, India and the Russian Federation in developing their own strategies for the development of artificial intelligence technologies.Results and discussion. As a result of the study, we were able to trace how the active actions of the world's largest countries in the conceptualization of steps to develop artificial intelligence are reflected in the construction of the state's technological sovereignty. The analysis made it possible to describe the Russian model of supporting the development of technologies using artificial intelligence as a “Moscow consensus”, characterized by a social orientation of the results.Conclusion. In the structure of technological sovereignty, artificial intelligence plays an important role as a strategic component that contributes to the achievement of digital sovereignty. In the foreseeable future, the critical impact of the dependence of Russia's scientific and technological development on imported solutions and other external factors is obvious, which requires a thorough examination of the situation and a public discussion of any actions for the transition of Russian industry to Industry 4.0. At the same time, it is important to realize that the prospects for technologies using AI are vague without political decisions and financial support.