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Feeding trial was carried out to determine effects of Adansonia digitata bark meal (ADBM)on growth performance and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Six iso-nitrogenous diets (40% crude protein) were formulated with ADBM at six levels (D1- D6)(0.00, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80 and 1.00%). One hundred and eighty fingerlings (3.09 ± 0.21 g) were stocked at ten fingerlings per tank in 18 plastic tanks (58L). Each treatment was replicated in a completely randomized design and fish were fed to satiation for 12 weeks. Data was analyzed for analysis of variance and Duncan Multiple Range Test to separate means .A. digitata bark contained oxalate, alkaloid, tannin, flavonoid, saponin steroid, anthraquinone, terpenoid, glycoside and phenol. Growth and nutrient utilization indices showed significant differences (p<0.05) among treatments. Mean weight gain (MWG) (41.77±1.88 g), final mean weight (FMW) (44.76±1.88 g), percentage weight gain (PWG) (1398.2±38.50%), daily growth weight (DGR) (0.50±0.02 g/day), apparent net protein utilization (ANPU) 76.73±3.98% and protein efficiency ratio (PER) 2.15±0.04 were highest in fish fed D3. MWG (31.27±2.48), FMW (34.31±2.25), PWG (1035.9±161.94%) and DGR (0.37±0.03) were lowest in fish fed D5. However, ANPU (49.84±4.23) and PER (1.45±0.07) were lowest in fish fed D6. Feed conversion ratio was best in fish fed D3 (1.17±0.29) while D6(1.72±0.08) was poorest.Keywords: Utilization, growth, fingerlings, Adansonia digitata bark, Clarias gariepinus

The study was carried out on the biological aspect of Redbelly Tilapia, Coptodon zillii collected from Oyan Lake, Abeokuta North Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria, with the aim of contributing to the baseline data for carrying out further studies on its ecology, conservation and development. A total of two hundred and fifty four fish (254) specimens were caught from the Ibaro landing site of the Lake between March and July, 2015. The total length (cm), standard length (cm), head length (cm), body width (cm), body depth (cm), snout length (cm), eye diameter (cm) and body weight (g) were measured. The stomach content was also assessed in order to determine its food and feeding habit. The mean total-length, standard-length, head-length, eye-diameter, snout-length, body-depth, body-width and body-weight during the study were 10.98±0.61cm, 8.56±0.14cm, 2.5±0.08cm, 3.67±0.15cm, 1.52±0.11cm,1.37±0.17cm, 4.05±0.07cm, 34.25±3.02g respectively and their ranges were (4.5-18.7cm), (3.2-15.2cm), (1.1-5.8cm), (2.0-6.8cm), (0.8-3.0cm), (1.1-4.8cm), (1.4-7.3cm) and (6.0-132.0g). A negative allometric (b<3) growth pattern was observed for the stock. The meristic characteristics of C. zillii were (DFR) XIV 10 – XVI 14; PVR, AFR III 8 –III 9; PFR 10 – 13 respectively. Stomach analysis showed that diatoms were the most abundant food items in the diet of C. zillii numerically, 29.98%, while desmids were the most abundant food items in terms of frequency occurrence, 27.82%. This study concluded that C. zillii is not morphometrically and meristically different from the already classified from previous studies. Also, C. zillii thrives well on available plants and detritus.  

Effects of some synthetic antibiotics on Streptococcus pnemoniae and Proteus mirabilis isolated from cultured Clarias gariepinus, an important food fish raised in a concrete tank was carried out to ascertain their remedies on mortalities of the Clarias gariepinus adult fish. Streptococcus pnemoniae and Proteus mirabilis were isolated from the gill and skin of diseased fish and water samples and identified by standard microbiological methods.The bacteria isolates were tested for sensitivity on ten (10) antibiotics namely Amoxycillin, Gentamicin, Nitrofurantoin, Erythromycine, Augmentin, Tetracycline, Naladoxic acid, Cotrimoxazole, Cloxacillin and Ofloxacin. These organisms reacted differently to the different antibiotics that were used - Ofloxacine, Gentamycin and Erythromycine had highest zones of inhibition of 26mm and 26mm, 24mm and 19mm, 16mm and 17mm respectively around Streptococcus pnemoniae and Proteus mirabilis, but Naladoxic acid, Augmentin, Cloxacillin and Amoxycillin had no inhibition zones around both organisms. It is therefore recommended that Ofloxacine, Gentamycin and Erythromycine can be used to combat S. pnemoniae and P. mirabilis diseases in fish farms because of their high antibacterial potentials against the test organisms.

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