Artemisia aucheri (Boiss.) belongs to the family Asteraceae, is an Iranian medicinal and aromatic plant. The aerial parts of various populations of A. aucheri collected at full flowering stage from three altitudes, including 2000-2300, 2300-2600, and 2600-3000 m above sea level in Zagros Mountains, Kerman province, Iran. The oil yields of various populations of A. aucheri ranged between 0.58±0.3 to 0.88±0.4ml/100 g dry matter. The essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS. Within for various populations of A. aucheri, 63 volatile components were identified, representing 75.2 to 89.5 % of total oils. The main constituents were santolinatriene (2.1±2.6 %t o 12.7±0.7.1 %), 1,8-cineole (2.1±0.8 % to 12.4±8.2 %), borneol (2.2±0.3 % to 12.2±5.0 %), camphor (0.9±0.3 % to 10.6±7.9 %), and β-caryophyllene (1.4±1.3 % to 8.5±1.9 %). The oxygenated monoterpenes and hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes were the main chemical group in the essential oil of A. aucheri. Results indicated that increasing elevation resulting increased percentages of some constitutes, including borneol, β-myrcene and linalool, while percentages of camphor, chrysanthenone, and davanonein essential oil decreased.