Computing the vibrating characteristics of any machine or structure is a necessary process that should be performed by the mechanical engineers that work in engineering design field to avoid the collapse under different kinds of applied loads. One of these kinds of structures are the rotating blades, whereas this part is considered as an essential element in many rotating systems that are used in different fields of engineering, e.g., turbomachinery, turbofan, helicopters, etc. One of the biggest disadvantages that is realized in rotating blades is failure due to vibrations and unbalance. It is possible that vibrations significantly reduce the performance of rotating blades compared to standard design conditions. If these rotating blades continue to operate under these circumstances for sufficient time, then the status of these systems will be unstable. Finally, this will lead to collapse of the rotating blades. In this work, a new code was created from scratch, based on the finite element method, to determine the vibrational characteristics of the rotating blades, taking into consideration the effect of rotating speed and temperatures. The compound influence of thermal gradients and rotating speed on the vibrational response (frequencies) for different configurations of blade was studied deeply.

This research is concerned with study of the effect heat treatment and the  bake hardening process on dual phase steels which can be obtain by intercritical annealing process. Hardness, microstructure and tensile specimens were prepared according to standards. Used specimens was with different carbon content (0.12, 0.096 and 0.064). The normalizing heat treatment was conducted on low carbon steel, to remove the effect of the previous manufacturing processes. Intercritical annealing was used as a heat treatment to obtain the dual phase steel, the carbon steel was quenched from760 ºC this temperature lies between the critical points. It has been found that after intercritical annealing process has transformation accrue from pearlite structure resulting from the normalization process to a new structure contain ferrite and martensite. The hardness of dual-phase steel obtained by intercritical annealing is higher than of the steel that was normalized as well as the carbon content of the steel affects the hardness. Tensile test results showed that the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength increased after intercritical annealing process compared to other specimens were normalized ,content of carbon also effect on the ultimate tensile strength and yield point. The dual phase steel is characterized with no visible yield point due to the dislocations movement are restricted. Dual phase steel yield point re-appear after pre-strained at 3, 5, 8, 10%., and baked to 170 ° C. The ultimate tensile strength and the yield point for the pre-strained and baked specimens were higher than the other tensile specimens which conducted with normalizing or intercritical annealing only due to the diffused carbon atoms that pin dislocations and prevent it is movement. Baking process is affected by several factors such as carbon ratio and the amount of prestrain. It is found that when carbon content increase, the number of diffused carbon atoms will increase. Amount of pre-strain effect on the mechanical properties after baking process, where it was found that when the mount of pre-strain increase the ultimate tensile strength and yield point stress will increase

The automated sorting systems are used in the industrial sectors to increase the rate of production. This research developed the sorting system by using a vision machine to detect the matching of capturing image with the storage base image. The system will be matching and sorting in real-time with 5 cm/s conveyor belt speed. The vision system is based on three stages to arrive at the sorting decision. The first stage is to covert the capturing image to a binary image, the second stage is applying edge detection of the product, and the third stage is matching this result with the base image. The system was successful to sort any product with complexity in shape and with high efficiency. The system sorting can be detected and sorted any product/machine element at any position or orientation. The system uses real-time analysis in order to provide the required results. The results arrived at the sorting gate at the end conveyer belt of the system if open that means the product matching. Three different products were selected in order to investigate the response and the accuracy of the results. It was found that the maximum of error to detect the product is not exceeding 2% for all cases.

The aquatic environment may be seriously harmed when cargo gases, diesel, and their compounds leak or are accidentally spilled onto the water's surface. Oil exploration also leads to water contamination. The remaining oil coats the water's surface, resulting in the formation of a thin emulsion of water and oil. Three novel compounds with long chains of linear alkyl groups were grafted to flexible polyurethane (R-FPU) to clean up oil spills. The sorption testing was thoroughly examined and contrasted with the aid of crude oil, diesel fuel, and water-oil systems. It was found that as compared to ungrafted FPU, the chemical sorption of crude oil and diesel fuel was boosted by modified FPU cubes, while water sorption was reduced by roughly 57%. The sorption competence of the modified FPU was highly correlated with the length of the alkyl chain, with the longer alkyl chain significantly increasing sorption capacity. The results demonstrate that oil may be successfully cleaned using modified FPU cubes.