In this work, esterification of oleic acid by various alcohols is achieved with high yields under ultrasonic irradiation. This reaction performed with a novel heterogeneous catalyst that fabricated by heteropoly acid and Fe(III)-based MOF, namely MIL-53 (Fe). Syntheses of MIL-53 and encapsulation process carry out by ultrasound irradiation at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. The prepared composite was characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET and ICP that demonstrate excellent catalytic activities, while being highly convenient to synthesize. The obtained results revealed that ultrasound irradiation could be used for the appropriate and rapid biodiesel production.

In this work, ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) of liquid fuels performed with a novel heterogeneous highly dispersed Keggin-type phosphotungstic acid (HPWO, PTA) catalyst that encapsulated into an amino-functionalized MOF (TMU-17-NH). The prepared composite exhibits high catalytic activity and reusability in oxidative desulfurization of model fuel. Ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) is a new way to performed oxidation reaction of sulfur-contain compounds rapidly, economically, environment-friendly and safely, under mild conditions. Ultrasound waves can be apply as an efficient tool to decrease the reaction time and improves oxidative desulfurization system performance. PTA@TMU-17-NH could be completely performed desulfurization of the model oil by 20mg of catalyst, O/S molar ratio of 1:1 in presence of MeCN as extraction solvent. The obtained results indicated that the conversions of DBT to DBTO achieve 98% after 15min in ambient temperature. In this work, we prepared TMU-17-NH and PTA/TMU-17-NH composite by ultrasound irradiation for first time and employed in UAOD process. Prepared catalyst exhibit an excellent reusability without PTA leaching and loss of activity.

In this work, a novel magnetic responsive composite was fabricated by encapsulation of FeO nanoparticles into an amino-functionalized MOF (TMU-17-NH) under ultrasound irradiation. The prepared materials were characterized by several techniques such as elemental analyses, PXRD, FT-IR, N adsorption, TGA and ICP. This composite has been applied to the adsorptive removal of nitrogen-contain compounds in model liquid fuel. The prepared composite demonstrates very good performance for the removal of NCCs. The maximum adsorption capacity of IND and QUI over prepared composite calculated 375.93 and 310.18mg·g at 25°C, respectively. The composite material is magnetically separable and reusable for several times.

Reception date: 1400/3/2 Acceptance date: 1400/9/27 64 AYENEH MA'REFAT, No.70/ Spring 2022 _____________________________________________ ___ initiatives in explaining the truth of Badā', especially his mystical view of it, are unique. Using Sadra's philosophical and mystical principles, he has managed to provide a novel and new explanation of the truth of Badā', its relationship with the knowledge and will of God and divine destiny, and the way it is expounded through the knowledge and narratives of the Ma'suumin (P.B.U.T.). Adopting his viewpoint, the present paper is an attempt to explain the truth of Badā' and to analyze its relationship with Knowledge, will and divine destiny, and the knowledge and infallibility of the Ma'suumin (P.B.U.T.).