Purpose This study aims to examine the possible gains and challenges for the enhancement of bilateral trade ties between India and Pakistan. It is interested specifically in analyzing and deliberating an attempt to identify the key challenges and bottlenecks in cross-border trade. Design/methodology/approach This paper offers in-depth case study of trade between India and Pakistan using time-series data and through various stake holders' interviews. As further discussed in the paper, the data investigation and interviews highlight impediments in India–Pakistan trade from trade policy to other policies involved in this process. Findings Based on time series data and stakeholders’ interviews, the study concludes that poor trade logistics and abysmal transport infrastructure, high tariffs and non-tariff measures, lengthy customary procedures, heavy import duties, port restrictions, lack of appropriate storage facilities, strict visa regime, financial transaction barriers and lack of telecommunication facilities are the major challenges in the way of regional trade. Originality/value The study proposes some key reforms and policy measures to boost the formal trade to minimize the trade obstacles such as public–private partnerships and inclusion of private sector in a joint trade commission to strength the business relations between the two countries.

This paper focuses on the predicament of transport connectivity in Pakistan in its own domestic context and with regards to South Asian and Central Asian regions. It appraises the impact of the derelict transport infrastructure within Pakistan on the ease of transit and the movement of goods and services. Through engagement with various stakeholders, particularly those employed in the various Transportation Ministers, we seek to conduct an appraisal of the efficacy of transportation modes in the country. Furthermore, an extensive review was conducted in order to accurately gauge and assess the current obstacles being faced in this arena and the plausible reforms which can be pursued. Pakistan’s socio-economic growth and development is heavily contingent on the refurbishment and expansion of its road, railways, aviation and naval networks. Moreover, an efficient transportation network, though, allowing for seamless transit trade would magnify Pakistan’s role in the immediate region and the entire world.

Being a traditional and close-knit society, Pakistan has a substantial portion of the population who have consanguineous marriages. The purpose of this study is to investigate the socioeconomic and demographic factors behind consanguineous marriages and their effects on pregnancy outcomes. Secondary data of 13,558 married women, as provided in the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (2012-13), was utilised to conduct this research. The results demonstrate that women who are poor, uneducated and belong to the least developed regions of the country, are significantly more likely to be in consanguineous marriages. There is a higher prevalence of miscarriages, abortions and stillbirths in such marriages as compared to non-consanguineous ones. Therefore, there is a need to create public awareness on the adverse health impacts of consanguineous marriages.