Introduction: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease with a consequent increase in bone fracture. The purpose of this study was to determine skeletal changes induced by two types of exercise therapy in osteoporotic rats. Materials and methods: Among 30 male rats, 6 of them were selected as healthy group, Then Osteoporosis induced in other rats by intraperitoneal injection of 20% ethanol solution (3g/kg/day) for 3 weeks. Osteoporotic rats divided into 4 groups: Baseline, resistance, endurance and control (n=6). The two exercise groups completed 12 weeks of training, 5 days/week according to protocols. Endurance protocol included running exercise on a treadmill for, 12 m/min, 10 to 64 min/ day. The Resistance training protocol consisted of 8 series of climbing on the 110cm vertical ladder angled at 80º with weights tied to animal tail that was increased from the 50% of the body mass of the animal in the first series to100% in the eighth series. At the end of the training, the animals were euthanized, and the BMD of the femur and the L4 + L5 vertebrae were measured using DXA and tensile max load of the tibia and compression max load of the L5 were measured applying Zwick 2.5 machine. The collected data was analyzed using paired t and one way ANOVA tests. Results:The two groups of the exercises had significantly increased femur BMD compared to controls (P=0.035, P=0.001). L4+L5 BMD in resistance training and control groups was significantly greater than endurance group (P=0.001, P=0.001). The tibia tensile maximum load and L5 maximum load in resistance group were significantly greater than control (P=0.01, P=0.03). Conclusion: Resistance training induces more effective favorable changes in bone mineral status and bone strength as compared to endurance exercise in osteoporotic male rat.

Introduction: Oxidative stress has pivotal role in many complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a single session of combined training along with garlic extract supplementation on oxidative stress markers in professional girl swimmers. Materials and Methods: In this study, we purposefully chose 40 girl swimmers of Zahedan city, then were divided them into four separate groups as control, combined training along with supplement, combined training along with placebo and supplement groups. Blood samples in the first day were collected. Then, the supplement and placebo groups received two garlic tablets (800 mg/day) and starch capsules, respectively. After two weeks, a single session of combined training was performed by training placebo supplement training groups. Then, blood samples were again collected immediately after exercise. Malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity levels were determined by the commercial assay Kits. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that two weeks garlic supplementation and a single combined training session didn't make a significant difference in the levels of oxidative stress indices i.e. malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity between groups (P>0.05). But, it seems that the total antioxidant capacity in supplement group was significantly greater than other groups. Conclusion: Due to the antioxidant properties of garlic, the induction of oxidative stress during exercise and the disturbance of redox balance, the present results suggest that the two weeks consumption of garlic supplementation cannot reduce or prevent oxidative stress.

Introduction: Obesity causes diseases such as coronary artery disease, mellitus diabetes, hypertension, cancer and stroke. The purpose of this study is to investigate changes in leptin and body mass composition in women with overweight and obesity after 8 weeks of aerobic exercise.

No abstract