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The first of the three experiments reported herewith was undertaken to compare the relative capacities of cortisone acetate and desoxycorticosterone acetate (DCA) in maintaining the adrenalectomized rat on a sodium-restricted regimen. The most striking finding in the course of observation was the development of marked hypertension in the cortisone acetat~injected animals in contrast with the rats treated with DCA, which remained normotensive. Because of this unexpected finding, observations were extended in Experiment 2 to include comparisons of these two steroids in adrenalectomized rats of another sex and source and on a high sodium regimen as well as on a sodiumrestricted one. The hypertensive effect of cortisone acetate in the latter group was confirmed. Experiment 3 was added to study the effects of cortisone acetate and D C A in intact as well as in adrenalectomized rats, on both high and low sodium regimens.Incidentally to the effects of the two steroids on blood pressure, observations on body and organ weights, serum electrolytes, and histological findings are reported. Experiment 1Procedure:--