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Abstract. In productive oil palm plantation areas, poor vegetation is generally caused by low light intensity. This condition causes excessive erosion and decreases soil fertility. One of the efforts for soil and water conservation at oil palm plantations is through increased vegetation diversity. The changes of soil and plant nitrogen, phosporus, and potassium content, observed by planting two types of herbs under oil palm tree, with different compositions. Vegetation composition was set as: Arachis glabrata 100%; Stenotaprum secundatum 100%; Arachis glabrata 50% + Stenotaprum secundatum 50%; Arachis glabrata 75% + Stenotaprum secundatum 25%; Arachis glabrata 25% + Stenotaprum secundatum 75%. The shoot and root fresh/dry weight, nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium) of each cutting were measured at the end of the experiment. Ten of treatment plant were harvested and divided shoots and roots after washing out of soil. Biomass samples were dried at 70 °C for 48 h and weighed. The total N and its proportional concentration (N%) were analyzed with the microKjeldahl method. Potasium analyzing with flamephotometry, and phosphor and from samples was determined by analyzing with spectrophotometry method. The results showed the highest shoot growth of A.glabarata if planting was mixed with S. secundatum, but the result was different with S.secundatum being superior if planted with monoculture system. Combination of interrow cultivation is more recommended for soil conservation and nutrient maintenance in palm oil trees were A. Glabarata 75% + S.secundatum 25%.

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The Gogo rice is a food crop that contributes to food self-sufficiency. Food demand, especially rice continues to increase along with population growth. Because of the higher food needs and the narrowness of fertile land, due to the land conversion function. So the utilization of sub-optimal lands / landed with appropriate food crops. The potency of the sub-optimal area in South Sulawesi is 274,549 hectares. The purpose of this research is to know how sub-optimal land used and farmer appraisal to gogo rice. This research was conducted in Wajo and Jeneponto Regencies from January to December 2017. The research used survey method and display of gogo rice plant NSV of Agricultural Research Agency in the field. The number of farmers taken as a sample of 80 farmers. The technique of collecting data by interview method and observation of vegetative and generations of display gogo rice plant. The collected data are then tabulated and then analyzed descriptively and test the agreement and business feasibility. The activities of rice farming on sub-optimal land are done by farmers that have the productive age. The application of rice farming technology to suboptimal land has not been intensive yet. Display gogo rice plant VUB resulted from Agricultural Research Agency appropriate to be planted with / out sub-optimal land of dry land and irrigated rice fields limited. Understanding farmers on superior gogo rice are not optimal (77.50%). Farmer's preference to superior gogo farmers. Rice farming of farmers provides income (implicative). Rp 4.575.000/ha, (explicit). Rp 7.245.000/ha and R/C (implicative ) 1.62 and (explicit ) 2.53.

This study aimed to determine the increase in students’ interest and achievement of science in the 8th graders of SMP Negeri 1 Watampone, Bone Regency Indonesia, when using outdoor activities. This study applied Classroom Action Research (CAR), which consists of two learning cycles following the procedural phase such as planning, implementation, observation phase, and reflection. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique class. The data collected included data about the students’ science achievement before the implementation of the action, data about the students’ interest in learning science, data about the students’ science achievement in the cycle I and cycle II, and data on the observations/notes of the teacher in each research cycle. Data were obtained through a questionnaire asking about students’ interest in learning science, students’ achievement result test before the implementation of the action, students’ achievement test in cycle I and cycle II, and student learning observation sheet. Data then analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results showed that there was an increase in students’ achievement, both in cycle I and in cycle II. Students’ mastery level in science materials was in the high category and their readiness, sincerity, and activeness in participating in the learning process were increased. Recommendation and direction for further research are included in the study.