Résumé -Une étude récente réalisée dans la région d'Oum-El-Bouaghi, dans le Nord-Est de l'Algérie, avait comme objectif de rechercher et de préciser la relation pouvant exister entre la qualité de l'eau des puits et des sources et la diversité de la faune aquatique présente dans ces habitats. Pour cela une quinzaine de stations (16 puits et 2 sources) ont fait l'objet, périodiquement, d'une étude de la qualité de l'eau et d'un échantillonnage de la faune. Les stations retenues ont été choisies en raison de la diversité de leur faune mais aussi et surtout parce qu'elles présentaient entre elles certaines différences évidentes (profondeur de la nappe, nature du substratum, protection des puits et utilisation de l'eau par la population locale), qui pouvaient laisser espérer une certaine diversité. Les principales composantes physico-chimiques de la qualité de l'eau ont donc été mesurées puis une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) a été réalisée à partir des valeurs moyennes de chaque paramètre ; on a pu révéler ainsi l'existence d'une variation spatiale relativement marquée de ces descripteurs, faisant apparaître quatre groupes de stations très inégaux et bien différenciés : un premier groupe de 11 puits situés à l'aval hydraulique de la zone d'étude, où l'eau présente des teneurs élevées en ions azotés et phosphorés indicateurs de pollution ; à l'opposé un autre groupe de 5 puits, situés plus en amont, où l'eau présente au contraire de faibles concentrations de substances azotées et d'ions phosphorés, donc des stations peu ou pas polluées ; enfin deux autres groupes bien séparés, chacun correspondant à une source, dont l'eau est aussi de qualité relativement bonne. La faune aquatique de ces puits et sources a également été échantillonnée de façon périodique. La richesse faunistique globale des stations apparaît faiblement corrélée avec la qualité de l'eau, mais en revanche la richesse spécifique de la faune stygobie (celle qui vit dans la nappe phréatique) et plus encore l'abondance de ces espèces stygobies, diminuent de Article publié par EDP Sciences façon significative avec la pollution. La faune stygobie dans son ensemble, et particulière-ment le groupe des Crustacés péracarides, apparaît ainsi comme un très bon indicateur de la qualité de l'eau de ces puits et des sources. Mots clés -biodiversité, puits, faune stygobie, espèces indicatrices, qualité des eaux souterrainesAbstract -A recent study, performed in the region of Oum-El-Bouaghi, North-Eastern Algeria, aimed at showing the possible relationships between the water quality of wells and springs and the diversity of the aquatic fauna which occurs in these habitats. To this end, the water quality and the fauna were regularly investigated in several stations (16 wells and 2 springs) selected in the region. The stations were chosen considering visible differences related to both their fauna and also some evident characteristics i.e. water table depth, nature of geological substratum, protection and human use, so that it was possible to expect certain d...

North-East of Algeria, in The Souk Ahras region, the Triassic evaporates are in the form of important intrusive masses. Thermal and cold water emerge from various training. These sources present are taking their pathways along the faulting system. A complex multilayered reservoir has significant potential water. The karstic aquifer consists mainly on fresh water.Thermal water characterized by high salinity is carbo-gaseous. Collection and chemical analysis of major water elements in addition to nonionic mineral compounds (SiO 2 ) and trace elements (Sr 2+ , F -, Br -) have determined a deep saline fluid circulation. The tectonic effect would be responsible for the current water flow. Cartography of fracturing system has identified a NNW-SSE hot spring distribution. Similar alignment can match the faulting system direction affecting the concerned study area.

Plant growth and yield of cereal crops are seriously affected in drought‐prone environments, hence effective agricultural means are needed. This paper aims to evaluate the beneficial effects of supplemental irrigation, at different phenological phases, on theoretical yield components of two varieties (GTA‐Dur and Vitron) of durum wheat under field conditions. Field experiments included six water regime treatments: crop evapotranspiration ‘ETc’ throughout the wheat‐growing season (i.e. adequately irrigated); rainfed conditions (no irrigation); and four supplemental irrigation treatments (T1–T4) applied respectively at the beginning of four phenological phases of wheat growth (tillering, heading, flowering and grain filling). Yield components were significantly influenced at the beginning of the cropping season, while the components expressed in weights were influenced at late cropping. Theoretical grain yield of the variety Vitron increased by 33% at T1, 84.3% at T2, 424% at T3, 902% at T4 and 1100% at ETc. Water productivity (WP) increased by 45–70% in irrigation treatments compared to rainfed conditions. Our findings stress that the consistency between appropriate water regime and adequate varietal choice increases WP and crop productivity, and improves irrigation water conservation. Complementary irrigation substantially improves the valorization of water by crops in water‐limited areas such as hot arid and semi‐arid regions. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The objective of this study conducted from October to December 2020 in the Natural Resources and Sensitive Environment Development Laboratory was to demonstrate the importance of conservation protocols respect throw evolution of water chemistry. Ninety-nine samples representing three water types (tap, spring and mineral water) were analyzed. Storage was at laboratory temperature with no conservation protocol. Studied parameters (temperature, pH, CE, dissolved oxygen, oxydo-reduction potential, total dissolved solids, HCO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42− and Cl−) were determined using standard methods. The data registered from physico-chemical parameters were subjected to different analytical methods to assess the time affect on their values compared with initial state. The results indicate that pH and alkalinity (exprimed in HCO3−) are the most vulnerable to evolution processes with highly significant time factor effect, while the concentrations of chlorides and sulfates with conductivity levels are statistically less evolved. PCA analysis accounting 71.43% of the total variance examines contribution of water type composition as a second variation factor. Projection through F1*F2 plan demonstrates clearly two groups with surface waters (tap water) which are excessively mineralized and groundwaters (spring and bottled waters) in which pH and magnesium parameters variations are the best illustrated.

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