We have used in this work the crossover soft-SAFT equation of state to model nitrogen dioxide/dinitrogen tetraoxide (NO 2 /N 2 O 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and their mixtures. The prediction of the vapor -liquid equilibrium of this mixture is of utmost importance to correctly assess the NO 2 monomer amount that is the oxidizing agent of vegetal macromolecules in the CO 2 + NO 2 / N 2 O 4 reacting medium under supercritical conditions. The quadrupolar effect was explicitly considered when modeling carbon dioxide, enabling to obtain an excellent description of the vapor-liquid equilibria diagrams. NO 2 was modeled as a self associating molecule with a single association site to account for the strong associating character of the NO 2 molecule. Again, the vaporliquid equilibrium of NO 2 was correctly modeled. The molecular parameters were tested by accurately predicting the very few available experimental data outside the phase equilibrium. Soft-SAFT was also able to predict the degree of dimerization of NO 2 (mimicking the real NO 2 /N 2 O 4 situation), in good agreement with experimental data.Finally, CO 2 and NO 2 pure compound parameters were used to predict the vaporliquid coexistence of the CO 2 + NO 2 / N 2 O 4 mixture at different temperatures.Experimental pressure -CO 2 mass fraction isotherms recently measured were well described using a unique binary parameter, independent of the temperature, proving that the soft-SAFT model is able to capture the non-ideal behavior of the mixture.
Flash calculation is the most time consuming part in compositional reservoir simulations and several approaches have been proposed to speed it up. Two recent approaches proposed in the literature are the shadow region method and the Compositional Space Adaptive Tabulation (CSAT) method. The shadow region method reduces the computation time mainly by skipping stability analysis for a large portion of compositions in the single phase region. In the two-phase region, a highly efficient Newton-Raphson algorithm can be employed with initial estimates from the previous step. The CSAT method saves computation time by replacing some of the phase split calculation in the two-phase region with pre-stored flash calculation results. The stored results can be used when the new feed composition is on one of the stored tie lines within a certain tolerance. The number of tie lines stored for comparison and the tolerance set for accepting the feed composition are the key parameters in this method since they will influence the simulation speed and the accuracy of simulation results. Inspired by CSAT, we proposed a Tieline Distance Based Approximation (TDBA) method to get approximate flash results in the two-phase region. The method uses the distance to a previous tieline in the same gridblock to decide whether the approximation should be made. Comparison between the shadow region approach and the approximation approach, including CSAT and TDBA, has been made by using a slimtube simulator where the simulation temperature and the simulation pressure are set constant. It is shown that TDBA can significantly improve the flash calculations in the two-phase region.
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