Phase change materials (PCMs) show a good capability in absorbing massive heat when undergoing phase change, which have great potential to be incorporated into building envelopes to enhance indoor thermal comfort by preventing heat penetration into buildings and reducing energy requirements. In this work, a deep analysis of PCM enhanced-walls model has been conducted in six representative climate regions of Morocco: El Jadida, Fez, Marrakesh, Ifrane, and Errachidia. More in detail, numerical simulations were carried out to assess the thermal behavior and energy performance of a residential building integrated with four different PCMs. The results showed that the effectiveness and selection of PCMs strongly depend on local weather where they are applied, characteristics of HVAC systems, PCM layer thickness, and position. Furthermore, with reference to each climate zone, the appropriate PCM leading to the lowest annual energy consumption was identified. The findings show that PCMs are particularly suitable for Mediterranean climates, which a promising annual energy saving of about 41% was obtained. While, the lowest value was recorded in Errachidia city reveals that the integration of PCM has little effect in desert climate zone. As for the other climates considered, values of about 28% to 31% were achieved in the studied house model.

Given the share of buildings in energy demand, improving the energy efficiency of buildings in Morocco is an important source of energy savings. In order to finally get surplus energy balance buildings to maintain a stable indoor temperature, this work investigated the influence of orientation and local building materials with and without insulation on energy needs of a building in the city of Errachidia using the ECOTECT ANALYSIS 2011 software dedicated to the Thermal Simulation of Buildings.

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The main objective of this work is to study the heat transfer through an administrative building’s envelope in Errachidia City in Morocco. A numerical simulation based on the finite element method was made to describe the effect of introducing several thermal insulators (air, hemp wool, glass wool, rock wool, and extruded polystyrene) of different thicknesses (5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm) on the heat transfer through the building’s envelope under different climatic conditions. For the stationary regime, the summer period was chosen on August 7th, 2019, at 17 h, while the winter period was opted on January 1st, 2020, at 7 h. Otherwise, for the transitional regime, the summer period was chosen from August 1st to 8th, 2019, and the winter period from January first to 8th, 2020. The physical model analyzes the temperature variation at the different layers of the wall. It depends on the indoor temperature, the instantaneous climatic conditions of the outdoor air, solar radiations, and the thermal properties of the building’s envelope. The results show that the air gap is a good thermal insulator; it acts as a damper of temperature and heat flux.

In this work, we propose two mathematical simulation methods to evaluate the results of conditional preventive maintenance strategies based on controls and inspections with optimal performance. In order to have an optimal availability of the equipment in question, the evaluation of the maintenance strategies associated with the controls will be treated by the method of the fault trees based on the decision binary diagram with the calculation engine ALBIZIA. The maintenance performance associated with inspections will be determined by Petri networks coupled with the Monte Carlo method.