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The application of the grand canonical ensemble in statistical thermodynamics to the stimulus adsorption on the olfactory receptor sites, assuming some simplifying hypotheses, leads us to an expression of the olfactory response R, which is a function of various physico-chemical parameters involved in the olfaction mechanism, e.g. the stimulus concentration, the saturated vapor pressure, the power law exponent and the partition coefficient. This expression of R is in agreement with the olfactory response of the Hill model, but is more explicit. Stevens' law and the olfactory threshold expression are easily deduced from R. The expression of the threshold we established from R enabled us to explain some empirical relations in the literature between the parameters quoted above. The use of the grand canonical ensemble with the chemical potential notion gave us an interpretation of Stevens' law and a better understanding of the role of some parameters involved in the olfaction mechanism, such as saturated vapor pressure and power law exponent.

Experimental adsorption isotherms for four anionic dyes (Acid Blue 25, Acid Yellow 99, Reactive Yellow 23 and Acid Blue 74) on to cationized cotton have been analyzed using a multilayer adsorption model. For such purpose, the double-layer model showed the best fit with a high correlation coefficient R 2. The analytical expression of the model has been established from an application of the grand canonical ensemble of statistical physics. This method allowed an estimation of all the mathematical parameters in the model. Thus, the receptor site density and the half-saturation concentration have been related to physicochemical variables such as the chemical potential, the adsorption energy, the anchorage number, etc. A physical interpretation of the model parameters has been provided and some results relating to the adsorption process discussed.

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