For years, road transportation has been identified as one of the most dangerous activities performed by employee working in any industry, including the oil and gas. Established methodologies and technologies are used to plan journeys and monitor driving activities, thereby providing accurate data for additional controls. These techniques are being used not only within organizations, but within the communities in which the activities occur. This study demonstrates that a dedicated effort to manage the risk associated with road transportation, even in high driving risk area such as Egypt, is an effective means of mitigating incidents. A fleet of around 100 vehicles, of varying types, within one country (Egypt) were used to identify trends and successful efforts in the use and deployment of these methodologies and technologies. The multi-year study was inclusive of dedicated drivers, occasional drives and heavy vehicle drivers within the organization to get more diverse sampling of driving behaviors and incident types. In-Vehicle Monitoring System (IVMS) data were used to interpret and summarize driving behavioral patterns. Further correlation of the number of near misses or road-related incidents were used to determine the level of improvement achieved over time via the use of mix established methodologies and technologies. Egypt was selected because according to the World Health Organization, there are around 12,000 fatalities due to road traffic crashes every year, and there is low enforcement of basic traffic laws. Little-to-no control of excessive over-speeding or seatbelt usage, no strict enforcement of the issuance of local driving license, poor lane and traffic signal discipline, and poor road designs and conditions, all contribute to the increased risk for vehicle incidents and the severity of injuries resulting from those incidents. These realities made Egypt an ideal case to evaluate the effectiveness of a systematic approach to implement and use transportation safety methodologies and technologies.

Human factors approach in oil and gas industry is still an emerging science compared to other industries, where most human factors publications focus their application in the design stage. However, human factors methods can be applied at any stage; contributing to bridging the gap between "work imagined" and "work done" concepts. This paper aims to provide an alternative approach in Service Company's complex activity for hazard identification and risk assessment. A commonly utilized tool, Human Reliability Assessment (HRA), includes human factors in a risk assessment process, however, this method is time consuming and not easily adopted without extensive effort spent on training and operationalization. The approach proposed by the authors represents a simplified method focusing on key factors from Human Error Assessment & Reduction Technique (HEART), relevant to the nature of the Service Company's Operations. This is integrated into our existing qualitative risk assessment to recalculate the overall risk of a certain task. The process and the template for risk assessment is modified to include sections for human factors. Ongoing field rollout tests show positive indications in regard to improved error capturing for error producing conditions during the task that'll be consolidated by end of Q1-2018 after field test completion. Modified risk assessment approach will reshape the standard risk assessment practices, moving the focus to and targeting the inherent unreliability of the task as a result of error producing conditions caused by unavoidable human interactions within complex systems. This method will include a matrix for measuring operators’ understanding of the potentially existing risk through a dedicated questionnaire. This matrix measures improvements in the overall understanding of risk involved from the front line employees’ prospective. Expected benefits also include further improvements for risk assessment training and competency by the company. The hypothesis is that by introducing key human performance factors to the risk assessment will help build awareness of human factors and their relationship to the probability of an existing risk. Utilizing an already effective system – risk assessment – to introduce human factors methods will help avoid the complexity associated with its implementation and still get the benefit of key elements of a well-established method. This approach compares a standard risk assessment to one with integrated human factors. This comparison allows for assessing the gap between "work imagined" and "work done" practices, and for feedback from front-line employees as end-users of company procedures. This paper provides insights on how human factors can impact the level of risk and outlines the control measures targeted at such factors that can be missed if a standard risk assessment is applied.

Human performance principles, which are well developed in aviation and healthcare, still represent an emerging science within the oil and gas industry. The industry managed to significantly reduce injuries over the last decade with multiple programs ranging from HSE Leadership to Behavior-Based Safety to the point when the incidents plateaued according to IOGP and IADC incident statistics. This triggered a deeper look into human performance best practices and their applicability within the oil and gas sector. This paper aims to provide an alternative approach to adopt Human Performance science to the dynamic operations risk assessment process within an Oilfield Services Company. After the analysis of the existing human reliability assessment tools, a decision was made to adopt a human performance tool known as Human Error Assessment & Reduction Technique (HEART) into a service provider’s risk assessment process with a primary focus on Error Producing Conditions (EPC). An internal survey was undertaken to define Error Producint Condition, which are most relevant to the dynamic nature of oil and gas services operations and couple them with the Reasons’s performance modes and their effect on error appearance. This approach allowed to significantly simplify the risk assessment process and adequately focus on key factors known to produce conditions for human error. This naturally integrated into our existing qualitative risk assessment to recalculate the overall risk of a certain task and enhanced workers’ ability to recognize potentially dangerous external and internal factors. The field tests of the improved human performance risk assessments reshaped the standard risk assessment practices, moving the focus to and targeting the inherent unreliability of the task as a result of error producing conditions caused by unavoidable human interactions within the complex systems. This approach proved effective in improving the overall understanding of dynamic human reliability related risks among the front line employees by around 30%. The hypothesis is that by introducing key human performance factors to the day-to-day risk assessment will help build awareness of human factors and their relationship to the probability of an existing risk. At the same time, utilizing an already effective system – risk assessment – to introduce human factors methods will help avoid the complexity associated with its implementation of an additional human reliability tool and still get the benefit of key elements of a well-established method. This approach has undertaken to combine two existing effective systems: a standard risk assessment with integrated human factors under a customized umbrella fully suitable for Oilfield Service Company’s work specifics. This paper provides insights on how human factors can impact the level of risk and outlines the control measures targeted at such factors that can be missed if a standard risk assessment is applied.