Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer which develops from the occurrence of genetic mutations in the melanocytes. Based on the features of melanoma tumors such as location, genetic profile and stage, there are several therapeutic strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, because of the appearance resistance mechanisms, the efficiency of these treatments strategies may be reduced. It has been demonstrated that therapeutic monoclonal antibodies can improve the efficiency of melanoma therapies. Recently, several mAbs, such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab, were approved for the immunotherapy of melanoma. The antibodies inhibit immune checkpoint receptors such as CTL4 and pd‐1. Another therapeutic strategy for the treatment of melanoma is cancer vaccines, which improve clinical outcomes in patients. The combination therapy using antibodies and gene vaccine give us a new perspective in the treatment of melanoma patients. Herein, we present the recent progressions in the melanoma immunotherapy, especially dendritic cells mRNA vaccines by reviewing recent literature.
Background: There are various methods to dress the Skin Graft Donor Site (SGDS), but some are very expensive and not available in Iran. This study aimed to compare three different dressings for the management of the SGDS.Methods: Ninety-six patients participated in the study, and they were randomly divided into three groups. Donor sites were dressed with one of these methods: Vaseline gauze or method A, mupirocin 2% or method B, and nitrofurazone or method C. In each method, the dressing layer was covered by 5 layers of dry gauze. The three groups were compared regarding the epithelialization time, infection, pain, and cost.Results: The epithelialization time was significantly longer in group A compared with groups B and C (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between groups B and C (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the three groups in infection and pain at rest, activity, and dressing time (P<0.05). There was a substantial difference between the three groups in the cost of dressing as method A was cheaper.Conclusion: Due to the lower cost of Vaseline gauze and no significant difference in infection, dressing adhesion to the skin, and amount of pain between three dressing methods, Vaseline gauze is a preferred method to skin graft donor site dressing.
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