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This article focuses on the openness and socio-economic dynamics associated with the meeting of different communities from many inland territories of Africa: on the borders of South Cameroon, northern Equatorial Guinea and North of Gabon, attracted by the oil windfall. The study illustrates the effectiveness of "living together" in this vast sub-region. It shows how development is based on the organization of trade that is not simply based on the differences between national systems, but on the establishment of South-South relations. While the challenges based on planning on these cross-border spaces is indispensable, local elected representatives are trying to set-up networking arrangements for cross-border communities. Border management makes it possible to ensure security, counter-threats to people and economic prosperity. The construction of a motorable high-way and the implementation of treaties on the opening of borders signed between the States since the 16th of March 1994 deemed at facilitating the free movement of economic actors, while many still consider the arrival of foreigners in these Eldorado as an invasion. RésuméCet article montre le degré d'ouverture et de dynamisme socioéconomique d'enseignements sur l'effectivité de vivre ensemble entre les différents communautés venus de partout à l'intérieur de l'Afrique et est attiré surtout par la manne pétrolière de la Guinée Equatoriale et celle du Gabon. L'enjeu d'aménagement pour ces espaces transfrontaliers consiste à développer des échanges commerciaux qui ne reposent pas simplement sur le différentiel entre les systèmes nationaux mais surtout dans la relation Sud-Sud, 286 les élus locaux souhaitent ouvertement le jumelage des communes transfrontalières, la gestion commune des frontière à assurer la sécurité pour contrer les menaces à la sûreté et à la prospérité économique, la construction de l'autoroute et la mise en pratique des traités d'ouverture des frontières signés entre les États depuis le 16 mars 1994, qui pourra faciliter la libre circulation des acteurs légitimes bien que vivant au frein de peur de l'invasion des étrangers dans ces Eldorado. Mot-clés:Dynamique sociale, Frontière, zone forestière-Cameroun

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With its Sahelian climate, Chad presents climatic parameters which have a very negative impact on its agricultural productivity. Faced with this natural problem for peasant society, political decision-makers do little to support local adaptation mechanisms. The study in Kélo, southern Chad, (606.9 mm; 28.9 ° C) was carried out for five months. The survey was conducted with 140 heads of households randomly chosen from this area to collect information relating to the damage caused by climatic vagaries on the yields of cultivated plants and the analysis of meteorological data collected at the Kélo station by l 'Chad Institute of Agronomic Research for Development (ITRAD) on climate variability which shows the irregularities of the rains at their beginnings and / or at their ends, the shortening of the rainy season and, a slight rise in temperature. These rainfall irregularities, the main crops are experiencing yield reductions of the order of 70¨% of the average, approximately: 20-25 bags of paddy per hectare against 7-12 bags of paddy for rice, 4-5 bags / ha against 2-3 bags / ha for sorghum and pearl millet, 10-13 bags / ha against 6-9 bags / ha for peanuts, 600-900 kg / ha against 250-600 kg for cotton, etc. . In 2018, rainfall over time shows linear correlations established between cereal and cotton yields on the one hand, and those of annual rainfall on the other. The result also shows that there are no explicit linear relationships between these variables. This shows that, mere knowledge of the rainfall regime is not enough to explain the decline in agricultural production; because poor agricultural production can result from both poor and surplus water conditions and / or poor distribution of rains. It is recorded that food production per capita also decreases; this decline occupies a very important place in all policies of local development projects but weakly applied by rural decision-makers. Consequently, there is recurrent food insecurity, putting the farmer in a dependency on assistantship from outside the region.

This article shows the process of transition from the unitary state to decentralisation, which is the transfer of administrative competences from the central state to the communities (municipalities). This law is derived from the Constitution of 18 January 1996, which was re-enacted by Law No. 2019/024 of 24 December 2019 on the General Code of Decentralised Territorial Authorities, with the creation of regions and elected regional councillors and traditional chiefs appointed as regional councillors by the central government. The particularity of decentralisation in Cameroon is the maintenance of governors, prefects and sub-prefects as representatives of the central state in the missions of the centralised power. Another peculiarity is the weak donation of the sovereignty of the delegations of the various ministers placed under the management of decentralised communities (Mairie). This donation remains weak in all areas. In the new model defined by the law n°2019/024 of 24 December 2019, regionalisation should be presented as a spring of economic and social development.