This is the first study assessing the anatomical features of the middle ethmoidal arteries from an endonasal endoscopic perspective. The findings of this research have clinical significance in guiding surgeries that involve the medial orbital wall, intractable epistaxis, and anterior skull base pathologies, as well as endoscopic endonasal surgeries.

The Dicle flap is a feasible, reconstructive alternative for the reconstruction of select small- to medium-sized defects of the posterior and inferior aspects of the ventral skull base.