Background: Bone graft application is a therapy that could be used to repair bone and minimize bone resorption. However, current bone graft materials carry risks for the recipient. Studies on alloplast, which can be found in fish bones and scales have been developed in the past few years. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of hydroxyapatite powder from white barramundi (Lates calcarifer) fish scales as bone graft material in the mandibular defect regeneration of rats. Methods: This experimental laboratory study utilized 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 16 weeks as test subjects, where 12 were used for control groups and the other 12 were used as the experimental group. All were given bone defects of 3 mm on the right mandible, split into 6 groups of 4 (3 experimental and 3 control groups), and the groups were observed for 2, 4, and 6 weeks respectively. The surgery results were assessed by radiography and histopathologic analysis. Result: Radiography results showed that the highest bone growth was found in the 6 weeks treatment group with 100% growth, followed by the 4 weeks treatment group with 88.89% growth, and last was the 2 weeks treatment group with 66.67% growth. The Mann-Whitney test showed that there is a significant difference between pre-and post-intervention (p >0.05). Histopathologic analysis showed the presence of osteocytes and osteoblasts in the 6 weeks treatment group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that hydroxyapatite powder from white barramundi fish scales can be used as a bone graft alternative material.

The world’s elderly population is growing faster than other age groups. The World Health Organization states that in 2020, Indonesia’s elderly population will reach 11.34% of the total population, or around 28.8 million people. The increasing number of elderly people can be a challenge for clinicians due to the degenerative changes caused by chronic diseases, treatment of chronic diseases, systemic conditions, and oral health care accessibility. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that increase the risk of periodontal disease in the elderly. Over the last few years, a lot of research has focused on identifying the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic disease as well as the link between periodontal disease and aging. Increased age relates directly and proportionally with increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease. Furthermore, an increase in age causes a decrease in motoric function and an increase in comorbidities and their treatments in the elderly. The aging process causes cementum surface irregularities, inhibition of osteoblast activity, and reduction in the number of fibroblasts. Loss of attachment and alveolar bone resorption was affected by frequent exposure to other risk factors. The risk factors that influence the development of periodontal disease in the elderly include systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis, systemic conditions, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and stress, treatment of systemic diseases, and limited access to oral health care. Although the potential link between periodontal disease and systemic disease has been established, the extent of this relationship has not yet been clearly explained. Understanding the factors that influence periodontal disease in the elderly is important because it may provide a better understanding of the treatment. The multiple risk factors that cause periodontal disease in elderly patients require special attention involving multidisciplinary teams.

ABSTRAK Masyarakat mulai beradaptasi di tengah pandemi Covid-19. Aktivitas masyarakat di luar rumah seperti olahraga, yaitu bersepeda juga semakin meningkat. Peningkatan jumlah aktivitas bersepeda dapat menjadi potensi kluster baru penyebaran Covid-19 akibat mengabaikan protokol kesehatan saat berkumpul dan setelah selesai bersepeda. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang transmisi dan pencegahan Covid-19. Kegiatan ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi dan pemahaman kepada komunitas bersepeda untuk memiliki pola hidup sehat menghadapi Covid-19. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan dalam bentuk presentasi power point secara daring melalui aplikasi zoom dan penggunaan poster yang menarik sebagai sarana pengingat dalam aktivitas di komunitas. kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman partisipan berdasarkan hasil pretest dan posttest peserta. Kegiatan edukasi pola hidup sehat menghadapi Covid-19 yang diberikan kepada komunitas bersepeda dapat berjalan baik dan mendapatkan tanggapan yang responsive serta antusias dari komunitas bersepeda. Kata Kunci : Covid 19, Hidup Sehat, Bersepeda ABSTRACT People are starting to adapt in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. Community activities outside the home such as sports, namely cycling are also increasing. An increase in the number of cycling activities could be a potential new cluster of Covid-19 spread due to ignoring health protocols when gathering and after cycling. This could be due to a lack of public knowledge and understanding about the transmission and prevention of Covid-19. This activity is to provide education and understanding to the cycling community to have a healthy lifestyle to deal with Covid-19 in cycling. The extension method is carried out by an approach in the form of online power point presentations through the Zoom application and the use of attractive posters as a means of reminders in community activities. The counseling showed an increase in participants' understanding based on the results of the participants' pretest and posttest. The educational activities on a healthy lifestyle to deal with Covid-19 given to the cycling community can run well and get a responsive and enthusiastic response from the cycling community. Keywords : Covid-19, Healthy Lifestyle, Cycling

Background: Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent oral health problems in Indonesia that affects supporting tissues of the teeth. Porphyromonas gingivalis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Alternative therapy with natural plant extracts, including pineapple (Ananas comosus) hump extract may inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause periodontal disease. Objective: To determine the effect of pineapple hump extract on bacterial growth and adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms. Method: The bacterial inhibition test was performed by the agar well diffusion method, and biofilm density measurements were made using the biofilm assay method. Results: Pineapple hump extract can inhibit bacterial growth optimally at a concentration of 100%, with an average zone of inhibition of 7.3 mm. The extract at a 50% concentration can eradicate the biofilms in a 6 h incubation time with an average OD of 0.124. The Shapiro-Wilk method confirmed a normal distribution of the data. Both one-way ANOVA and post hoc test showed a significant difference between the inhibitory ability of pineapple hump extract and between concentrations to restrict formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms. Conclusion: Pineapple hump extract was able to inhibit bacterial growth and eradicate the adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms in vitro.

The escalation of COVID-19 cases both in morbidity and mortality rates in Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta and its surrounding areas (JABODETABEK) continues to occur. Adherence in implementing health protocols depends on the knowledge and attitudes of the individuals. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding Covid-19 prevention in an informal community, namely music community. This study was conducted online with 44 participants obtained through convenience sampling method. Participants filled out the questionnaires covering individual characteristics, general knowledge regarding Covid-19, and attitudes towards protective measures against Covid-19. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the differences in the mean score of knowledge based on selected variables. There were 52.4% of participants that had low level of knowledge. Meanwhile, 86.4% of participants had positive attitude towards protective measures against Covid-19. Significant differences were found in the mean scores of knowledge based on age (p=0.001), place of residence (p=0.004), and occupational status (p=0.032). In conclusion, most participants of the music community in Jakarta and surrounding areas have low level of knowledge, however, they have positive attitude towards protective measures against Covid-19.Keywords: Covid-19; knowledge; attitude; music community Abstrak: Peningkatan kasus Covid-19 baik dalam angka morbiditas maupun mortalitas di wilayah Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta dan sekitarnya (JABODETABEK) masih berlangsung. Kepatuhan dalam menerapkan protokol kesehatan bergantung pada pengetahuan dan sikap individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan dan sikap mengenai pencegahan Covid-19 pada salah satu komunitas informal di masyarakat, yaitu komunitas musik. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara daring dengan 44 peserta yang didapatkan melalui metode convenience sampling. Peserta mengisi kuesioner survei yang berisi data karateristik individu, pengetahuan umum, dan sikap terkait Covid-19. Uji Mann-Whitney digunakan untuk melihat perbedaan rerata nilai pengetahuan berdasarkan setiap variabel. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 52,4% responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan rendah namun 86,4% responden memiliki sikap positif terhadap upaya pencegahan penularan Covid-19. Perbedaan rerata nilai pengetahuan secara bermakna ditemukan berdasarkan usia (p=0,001), wilayah tinggal (p=0,004), dan status pekerjaan (p=0,032). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar komunitas musik di DKI Jakarta dan sekitarnya memiliki tingkat pengetahuan rendah namun memiliki sikap positif terhadap upaya pencegahan penularan Covid -19. Kata kunci: Covid-19; pengetahuan; sikap; komunitas musik