Abstract. This paper reexamines the effects of education on inequality through a comprehensive meta-regression analysis of the extant empirical literature. We find that education affects the two tails of the distribution of income: Education reduces the income share of top earners and increases the share of the bottom earners. Education has been particularly effective in reducing inequality in Africa. Some of the results suggest that secondary schooling appears to have a stronger effect than primary schooling, though this finding is not always robust. The heterogeneity in reported estimates can be largely explained by differences in the specification of the econometric model and measure of inequality and education.

This paper attempts to explain the "whining" or "hissing" sound reported from tornadoes. pothesis is that the air masses involved in the tornado circulation execute some free vibrations. these vibrations may be in the audible range for a small vortex whose radius is of the order of 10 m. or less. formula is obtained which relates the frequency of the tone to the inner radius of the vortex. to experimental verification.

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