Setting: Determination of patency of airway in sagittal and vertical growth patterns in patients visiting LUMHS Institute of Dentistry, Jamshoro. Methods: This cross-sectional study took place in the Orthodontic Department, Institute of Dentistry, LUMHS Jamshoro. Patients in the age group of 12 to 28 years were included. All subjects were categorized into two groups: Group 1 consists of patients with vertical growth, and Group 2 consists of patients with horizontal growth. Measurements were done by McNamara analysis; the skeletal type was analyzed using ANB, FMA, and SN-GOGN measurements were plotted on the Y-axis, measuring the angle between the S-N plane and sella-gnathion. Results: A total of 62 patients were studied; their mean age was 20.74+3.36 years. The majority were females 77.4% and males 22.6%. two groups were made according to growth patterns, group 1 consisted of vertical growers and group 2 was of horizontal grower patients. 37.1% of patients were found to have an obstructive lower pharyngeal airway. Mean ANB, FMA, Y-Axis, SN-GOGN, upper pharyngeal airway, and lower pharyngeal airway was 5.42±3.52 degree, 27.90±7.93 degree, 66.31±6.56 degree, 34.24±7.95 degree, 14.5±2.24 mm and 9.2±2.04mm respectively. The results show a positive and negligible correlation between ANB and pharyngeal airways. Conclusion: There was a positive and negligible correlation between sagittal growth patterns and pharyngeal airway, with class II cases having obstructive pharyngeal airway and class III cases having patent pharyngeal airway. Keywords: Patency of Airway, Sagittal, Skeletal Discrepancies, Vertical

Anorectal malformations (ARMs) affect between 1:2000-2500 births comprising a heterogenous spectrum of malformations that vary considerably in their anatomical characteristics, complexity, and functional prognosis. Occasionally, the diagnosis is delayed to later infancy especially in cases where the bowel outlet is stenotic but at or near the proper anal position. Objective: To determine the frequency of fecal continence in patients with low rectal malformation after anoplasty. Methods: This was prospective Cross-Sectional Study conducted at Department Pediatric Surgery, National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi, Pakistan from September, 2020 to March, 2021. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited to NICH, Karachi were included in the study. Informed consent was taken from parents / guardians after explaining the procedure, risks and benefits of the study. Parents/Guardian of patients were asked to fill the study questionnaire containing the Kelly Scoring System to assess the status of fecal continence of the patients. All the collected data were entered into the proforma and analyzed on SPSS. Results: Out of 189 patients, 63% were male and 37% were female. Fecal continence was found in 71.4% patients, statically significant with Body Mass Index. Mean ± SD of age was 3.7 ± 1.5 days. Conclusions: It is to be concluded that fecal continence is a frequent finding of low rectal malformation. Patients with low rectal malformation should be worked up for the fecal continence after anoplasty.