CAD (coronary artery disease) has a link with the long-lasting kidney issues. The people suffering from some kidney issue may develop coronary artery disorder and its risk factors are very similar to the risk factors in other cases. Objective: To assess the parameters of CKD (coronary kidney disease) and CAD (coronary artery disease). There was need for the establishment of some efficient predictive methods or biomarkers for the indication of the coronary disorder. Methods: To proceed with this study 301 patients were selected. All of these patients were admitted in the cardiology ward of the hospital. Among them 151 patients had ACS along with CDK while on the other hand, 150 patients had ACS but they do not have any coronary artery disease. Both categories of the patients had made, according to the presence or absence of coronary artery disease. The progression of Coronary disease was estimated by KDIGO (improving global outcome). Results: For the prediction of results, all the attributes related to kidney issues as well as coronary artery were analyzed. Different parameters like disease history of the patients, regulatory parameter of both ACS and CKD, cardio graphical results and angiography states, were carefully estimated for both categories. The characteristics related to increased level of myocardial infarction indicated by STEMI. All these inferred that the level of initiation of coronary disease is much higher in the group without chronic kidney disease. It was estimated about 42 %. However, in the case of CKD group having coronary issues, the raise of non-segmented myocardial infarction is lower (28 %). Conclusion: There is increased level of CAD in case of kidney disease and in CAD. The different indicators and markers for the coronary and kidney disease as well as different cardiological methods were assessed in this study.

Objective: To determine the outcomes of newly diagnosed patients of peripartum cardiomyopathy at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Methodology: Total 91 patients of peripartum cardiomyopathy were included. A detailed medical history and base line equitable investigations were done. Patients were kept under observation for 7 days during their hospital stay and study outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Stratification was done and post stratification chi square test or fisher exact test was applied. Two sided P-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The overall mean age was 29.06±4.71 years. Total 73.6% patients were belonged to urban and 26.4% belonged to rural areas. 52.7% patients had normal delivery while 40% had C-section and 6.6% had instrumental assisted deliveries. As far as outcomes are concerned, 65.9% patients had congestive heart failure, 12.1% patients had arrhythmias, 35.2% patients admitted in ICU, 64.8% patients admitted in recovery and 7.7% patients were died. Conclusion: In a prospective cohort with PPCM, most women recovered; however, rates of CHF were observed significantly in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In-hospital mortality was comparatively less frequent but it was significantly associated in women having age less than 30 years.

The prognosis of coronary revascularization in patients has been significantly altered by the Interventional cardiology. With the advancement of the novel drugs and stent technology the new complications i.e., in-stent restenosis, have emerged. Objective: To analyze the predictors of outcome in the treatment of in-stent restenosis with drug-eluting balloons. Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted at Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat for the duration of one year from August 2021 to July 2022. The patients older than 18 years were eligible for the trial. The patients who have undergone coronary intervention with a drug-eluting balloon during the duration of the study were also eligible. This study received approval from the institution's research ethics board. The patient demographic features, procedure complications and operative results were recorded. Results: The mean age of patients was 65 years. There were 62 male participants. There were 54 patients that had history of diabetes mellitus, 87 had hypertension, 32 reported about smoking habits. There were 91 patients that reported about history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), 72 about myocardial infraction (MI) and 30 reported about coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Kidney related inflammation or infection was found in case of 19 patients.  Conclusions: This single center study showed significantly low rate of target lesion revascularization (TLR) for a period of one year and moderate rate was found at five years.

Aim: Multiple studies have shown obesity to be related with augmented mortality and morbidity, as well as other cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension. Therefore, we are investigating the relationship between obesity and in-hospital mortality among patients planned for coronary intervention (PCI). Place and Duration: In the Cardiology department of Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences For Women PUMHSW (SBA) Nawabshah, for one-year duration from July 2020 to July 2021. Methods: 138 patients (69 obese, 69 non-obese) aged 30-70 years were included in the research using a purposive, non-probability sampling technique from the cardiology department. The body mass index of all patients was recorded and patients with BMI above 30 kg / m2 were deliberated as obese, and individuals with BMI less than 30 kg / m2 were deliberated as non-obese. All patients who endured percutaneous coronary intervention were included in the study. Group I comprised of obese and non-obese patients in group II. Results: To determine the obesity relationship with in-hospital mortality among patients planned for coronary intervention (PCI), a total of 138 cases (69 obese and 69 non-obese) were included that met the inclusion / exclusion criteria. When the age grouping was performed, 17.4% (n = 12) of the obese group and 24.6% (n = 17) of the non-obese group were between the ages of 30 and 50, while 82.6% (n = 57) in the obese group and 75. 4% (n = 52) in the non-obese group were 51- 70 years of age, the mean ± SD was calculated as 55.25+8.10 years in the obese group and 57.97+7.52 years in the non-obese group. The mean BMI was calculated as 34.46±4.31 in the obese group and 28.91±5.37 in the non-obese group Conclusion: We concluded that there is no association between obesity and in-hospital mortality in patients enduring coronary intervention (PCI). Keywords: In-hospital mortality, Coronary intervention, non-obese, obese.

Objectives: Pregnancy is associated with significant hemodynamic changes that may aggravate valvular heart disease and increase the risk of thrombo-embolic events. Valvular heart disease accounts for approximately a quarter of the cardiac diseases complicating pregnancy and is an important cause of maternal mortality, posing many challenges in management. In this study, we have evaluated the risk factors, clinical presentation, ECG, and X-ray findings in pregnant women with valvular disorder. Methodology: This study was conducted in cardiology unit of Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College (GMMMC), Sukkur in close association with gynecology department from January 2019 to December 2019. Thirty (30) pregnant women who were diagnoses with valvular disorder based on clinical presentation were enrolled in study after informed consent. Results: In our study the most common valvular disorder identified was mitral regurgitation in 17 (56.6%), followed by mitral stenosis in 14 (46.6%) participants. Fourteen (46.6%) pregnant women had multiple valvular disorder. The most common clinical symptom was shortness of breath (93.6%), followed by palpitation (30%). In Chest X-ray, the most common finding was cardiomegaly in 20 (66.6%) pregnant women. In ECG, the most common finding was left ventricular enlargement (36.6%), Left Axis Deviation in 11 (36.6%) followed by left atrial enlargement (30%). Conclusion: Valvular disorders are not uncommon in pregnant women in Pakistan. Women with risk factors should be identified and should have periodically screening of symptoms to diagnosis valvular heart disease during pregnancy at early stage. Cardiologists should be involved in the management of these patients.