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AbstrakKualiti laporan Penilaian Kesan kepada Alam Sekeliling (EIA) merupakan suatu petunjuk penting bagi menilai keberkesanan EIA. Untuk memantau tahap kualiti laporan EIA, kaedah pengulasan laporan EIA yang lebih sistematik amat diperlukan. Aktiviti pengulasan EIA merupakan suatu mekanisme kawalan kualiti yang dapat membantu pihak berkuasa membuat keputusan yang terbaik terhadap sesebuah cadangan projek. Kajian ini memberi fokus terhadap penilaian kaedah pengulasan laporan EIA di Malaysia. Ia dijalankan melalui analisa kandungan terhadap garis panduan EIA umum dan prosedur pemprosesan laporan EIA di Malaysia. Seterusnya, satu perbandingan antara senarai semak yang digunakan dalam prosedur pemprosesan EIA di Malaysia dan senarai semak Kesatuan Eropah (EU) telah dilakukan. Kajian mendapati terdapat empat kaedah pengulasan EIA yang dijalankan di Malaysia iaitu pengulasan oleh pihak Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS), agensi, kendiri dan pakar. Terdapat beberapa kelemahan dalam aspek prosedur pengulasan EIA dan wujudnya potensi serta ruang penambahbaikan yang boleh dilaksanakan dalam konteks pengulasan EIA di Malaysia. Keperluan untuk menyediakan pakej pengulasan EIA yang komprehensif adalah perkara penting untuk mengukur pematuhan garis panduan dan kualiti kajian EIA. Pembentukan pakej pengulasan EIA memberi manfaat yang besar untuk mengukur prestasi amalan EIA secara berterusan di Malaysia. Ia juga merupakan langkah untuk meningkatkan kualiti proses membuat keputusan dalam aspek pengurusan alam sekitar.Kata kunci: keberkesanan EIA, kualiti laporan EIA, pengulasan EIA, pengurusan alam sekitar, Penilaian Kesan kepada Alam Sekeliling (EIA), senarai semak EIA AbstractThe quality of the EIA report is an important indicator for assessing the effectiveness of EIA. To monitor the quality of the EIA report, a systematic EIA review method is essential. The review procedure is a quality control mechanism that could assist the regulator to improve decision-making process. This study focuses on the evaluation of EIA review method in Malaysia. It was done through content analysis of EIA guideline and procedure in Malaysia. The checklist used in the EIA procedure in Malaysia has been compared to the EIA review checklist of the European Union (EU). 12compliance of the guidelines and the quality of the EIA report. The formation of the EIA review package would bring benefits in gauging the performance of EIA practices in Malaysia. It is a right step in improving the quality of the decision-making process in the field of environmental management.

Environmental destruction caused by development activities has become a major concern among the global community. To overcome the problem, environmental impact assessment (EIA) has been introduced as a tool that can help manage the environment in the development activities. EIA has been implemented in more than 100 countries around the world including Islamic countries. However, the implementation of EIA among Islamic countries has not been comprehensively understood. The objective of this study is to identify the implementation of EIA among Islamic countries and identify the challenges faced in implementing EIA. This study looks at the implementation of EIA from the point of EIA policy and legislation. As well as challenges from an enforcement perspective, the quality of EIA reports, awareness related to EIA and the adequacy of experts in the field of EIA. This study uses scoping literature review approach to evaluate past and recent studies in the implementation of EIA. The results of the study found that Islamic countries, which are categorized as high and middle income, already have laws, policies and regulations related to EIA. The study found that there are four main challenges faced in the implementation of EIA among Islamic countries, there are weaknesses in terms of enforcement of EIA-related laws, low quality of EIA reports, low awareness of project proponents on EIA and lack of Islamic experts in perform EIA-related studies. This study has identified the gaps on the EIA implementation in Islamic countries. To overcome the challenges cooperation among Islamic countries to share experiences and enhance mutual capabilities is urgently needed.

Soil erosion and sedimentation control has become one of the challenges in the implementation of EIA projects especially for housing construction activities. Failure to implement adequate erosion control measures at the project site would affect the quality of river water. To ensure adequate control of soil erosion and sedimentation the EIA reports submitted should achieve minimum standards of impact assessment and control measures as well as good quality. This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of the EIA report in terms of soil erosion and sedimentation aspect. The EIA review package has been prepared by referring to the guidance document on soil erosion and sedimentation. A total of 21 EIA reports for housing projects from 2013 to 2015 in Selangor have been analyzed. The results show that 18 of the EIA reports complied with 50% of the requirements that set in the guidelines, while the quality aspect of the EIA report shows that only 7 reports have achieved satisfactory level. This study identified there are three major weaknesses in the EIA report for housing projects. Firstly; the description of earth work planning are not thoroughly explained, secondly; the weaknesses in the descriptions of the project options and third; the weaknesses in the Land Disturbance Pollution Prevention and Mitigation Measures (LDP2M2) conceptual plan which is not plan in stages. The skills and expertise of EIA consultant and also EIA review officer is need to be improved. It is to ensure the quality of EIA report and the compliance to the EIA guidelines can be achieved. The EIA review packages which developed in this study could be used by the consultants to evaluate the adequacy of the EIA content as a self-assessment practice.