Background: PNS is a common surgical disease and there are many methods of treatment such as wide excision of sinus and lay wound open to heal by granulation tissue (open), excision of a sinus with primary closure (closed), track debridement and excision or phenolization of epithelial pit and excision of PNS with primary closure using oblique incision. Methods: Setting: In Fallujah Teaching Hospital from Jan. 2017 to Dec. 2018. Design: Prospective study. These cases were chosen and divided into 2 groups: Group A: were treated by open procedure (31). Group B: were treated by closed procedure (27). The average period of follow up after completion of surgery was six months for both groups. Results: In group A symptomatic improvement occurs in 26 (83.8%) of patients and the duration of healing was about 45 days, 5 (16.2%) patients were delayed healing while recurrence were 4 (12.9%). In group B symptomatic improvement occurs in 19 (73.7%) of patients and the duration of healing was about 2 weeks. 8 (26.3%) patients were delayed healing while recurrence were 6 (22.2%). Conclusions: From this study we find that there is no ideal treatment of pilonidal sinus according to: 1. Meantime of healing. 2. Delay healing. 3. Recurrence.

Background: Hepatic hydatid cysts (HHCs) are a parasitic infestation caused by several species of Echinococcus, even though surgery is the mainstay in the management of hydatid disease of the liver, controversies still exist about the preferred operating technique. Aim of study: To assess the effectiveness of different surgical procedures for managing the hepatic hydatid cyst at Baghdad Teaching Hospital and study the incidence of post-operative complications. Patients and Method: Sixty-four patients aged between12 and 60 years underwent surgery for HHCs within a one-year period from the first of January 2018 to end of December 2018. We recorded demographic data, location of the cysts in liver, surgical procedures used, postoperative complication, morbidity, mortality and hospital stay. Results: Most of the patients were females 48(75%) from rural area and the mean age was 40 years, the most common symptom was abdominal pain in 51 patients (79.6%) and the right lobe of the liver was mostly affected 39(60.9%). The External drainage technique was used in 28 patients (43.3%). Omentoplasy technique was used in 19 patients (29.6%) Conclusion: The morbidity and hospital stay were highest in external drainage method and least in omentoplasty. The method of omentoplasty is simple and can be performed in the majority of patients.

Background: Appendectomy is a widespread emergency surgery, and to date the appendectomy is still done through two approaches: open (OA) and laparoscopic (LA) and it is not known which is better than the other.Objective: This study aimed to compare OA and LA surgical approaches in patients with acute appendicitis. Patients and methods: Data were obtained from eighty patients underwent appendectomy at Baquba Teaching Hospital between September 2021 and May 2022. Forty patients in (OA) group underwent open surgery, as well as forty other patients in (LA) group underwent laparoscopic surgeries. The two groups were compared according to the operation time, hospital stay, wound infection, and return to normal daily activity. Results: LA approach was associated with shorter (1.4±0.6 days) hospitalization than OA (2.7±2.5 days). Also, the operative time of the laparoscopic approach was clearly less (30±3.2 min) compared to the open approach (35±5.2 min). There was no postoperative infection in the LA patients, and the laparoscopic patients returned to their daily activities faster than the open surgery group. Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery is a safer approach to appendectomy, especially if it is performed by skilled specialist surgeons.