Abstract:In this study, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a permanent magnet synchronous generator used in a wind generator system is realized by a prototype installed in a laboratory environment. The installed prototype is modeled in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. The MPPT is realized by an artificial neural network (ANN). The obtained simulation and experimental results are compared. The maximum power estimation at various windmill speeds (rpm) of the trained ANN in determined reference speeds is analyzed. The zero crossing points of the phases are determined by a digital signal peripheral interface controller and the system is operated according to the triggering angles obtained from the ANN-based control algorithm at the maximum power points.

Due to environmental issues such as global warming and the greenhouse effect, there is a growing interest in renewable sources of energy. Wind energy, which is the most important of these energy sources, can potentially meet a portion of the global energy demand. Numerous studies are being conducted worldwide to determine how the maximum level of power can be obtained from wind energy. In these studies, there is a particular interest in permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). This is because PMSGs exhibit a good performance within a wide range wind speeds and can be driven directly. In this study, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a PMSG has been carried out by using a prototype built in a laboratory environment. The simulation model has been realized by utilizing MATLAB/Simulink and implemented by using dSPACE. MPPT has been performed by employing such control algorithms as an artificial neural network, a look-up table, and curve fitting in order to carry out comparative performance analyses of these control algorithms. Controllers were analyzed through comparisons between their MPPT and process performance. Based on our analysis results, we were able to identify controllers that were better in terms of power tracking and process performance.

The increase in fossil fuel consumption used in conventional vehicles has adversely affected the amount of carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Due to this negativity, many problems such as global warming, noise pollution and cost have emerged. In order to find solutions to these problems, many studies have been carried out to increase the energy storage capacity of Electric Vehicles (EV) since 1835. EVs produced as a result of these studies work more efficiently than traditional tools. However, the driving range problem and charging time are the biggest disadvantages of these vehicles. These disadvantages are a major obstacle for EVs to replace traditional tools. In this study, an experimental study was conducted on flywheel-battery in-vehicle topologies, which are recommended to be used to increase the range in EV and hybrid electric vehicles. In the application, two flywheels with the same rotor radius and different masses were used. Energy was produced from the generator through these flywheels. This energy was employed to charge the batteries. The stored energy and power amounts were investigated depending on the variation of the moment of inertia of both flywheels at the maximum and minimum levels. As a result of this examination, it has been determined which of the flywheels with the same rotor radius but different masses is more suitable for electric vehicles.

With the increase in the need for electrical energy in the world, electricity is tried to be generated by various methods. Some of these methods cause global warming and environmental pollution to increase. Therefore, it is aimed to generate electricity using renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels. The sun is one of these renewable energy sources. Electricity generation with solar energy is one of the methods that have become quite common in recent years. One of the most important considerations required to achieve maximum efficiency in solar power and electricity generation is to ensure that the rays are perpendicular to the panel. When this is achieved, the depreciation time of the system will be reduced and electricity generation will be carried out with high efficiency from these panels with limited service life. To achieve this, various solar tracking systems are designed. In this study, the analysis of fixed systems was performed by comparing them with single- and dual-axis solar tracking systems. Comparisons were made using a design and simulation software (PVSOL) program for photovoltaic systems. In these comparisons, the effects of single- and dual-axis solar tracking methods on depreciation time compared to fixed systems were examined.

Energy, which has an important position both in the world and in Türkiye, is essential for many primary areas, such as heating-cooling and production. After the industrial revolution, replacing simple machines with steam engines started the adventure of energy dependence and gave strategic energy importance. This situation has played a critical role in reshaping human history. In addition, due to the limited fossil energy resources and the continuous increase in energy costs, countries have started to develop new energy policies for their interests. Thus, scientists have accelerated their work in the field of energy efficiency. District heating systems, one of the best examples of renewable energy use, are the main subject of this study. District heating can be defined as the heating of a building, neighborhood, or city with power plants installed in one or more centers. This study aims to calculate the financial benefit of the district heating systems to be created with the use of geothermal resources in Türkiye to the Türkiye economy and its contribution to the goals of carbon neutrality. As a result of the use of a geothermal-sourced district heating system, a 1.58% reduction will be achieved in Türkiye's annual greenhouse gas emissions. With current investment amounts, the amortization period of 1,000,000 residential equivalent geothermal sourced district heating system implementation is approximately 13 years. Numerical methods were used in this study.