Angiogenesis is the growth of blood vessels from the existing vasculature that occurs during embryonic development, wound healing, and the menstruation cycle. Chitosan is a natural cationic polysaccharide and one of the natural polymers and obtained by deacetylation of α-chitin. Chitosan-based nanoparticles show anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-angiogenesis, procoagulant behaviors and good biosafety. In this study, the effects of chitosan-capped copper nanoparticles on angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model were investigated. Methods:We applied 25 mM concentrations of CuNPs solution to CAM of 15 eggs and 15 mM concentration of CuNPs solution to CAM of 16 eggs on the 5th day. After then, we evaluated results macroscopically on the 7th day.Result: In our study, we observed that CuNPs solutions caused a significant increase in angiogenesis when compared with the control group. There was a greater increase in CAM vascular area angiogenesis of the 15mM solution group compared to the 25mM solution group. Conclusion:The study of Ribeiro and colleagues with insulin-containing chitosan nanoparticles and our study with chitosan-coated copper nanoparticles stimulated angiogenesis. Although the study of Dragostin et al. shows that chitosan nanoparticles have an anti-angiogenic effect. We assumed that this effect may be due to copper nanoparticles as a result of our literature review.

Nanobiosensors are at the core of multidisciplinary research worldwide, from textiles to medicine, from space research to marine. The field of optical nanobiosensors has a special importance within this growing area over the last quarter of the century. Various forms of optical detection methods have been used in a wide spectrum of applications. Practical applications are intentionally given to help clinicians and laboratory employees in terms of materials, compositions, and protocols of use. This tutorial review includes recent efforts in the use of nanoparticle-based bio-barcode analysis to detect a target molecule by focusing on optical techniques.The optical sensing part defines fluorescence, real-time PCR, colorimetric, luminescence, surface plasmon and electrophoresis resonance systems. Finally, applications have been summarized in the detection of pathogenic microorganisms, clinical analysis, pesticides and toxicants in the environmental area and in food products.