With the recently grown attention from different research communities for opinion mining, there is an evolving body of work on Arabic Sentiment Analysis (ASA). This paper introduces a systematic review of the existing literature relevant to ASA. The main goals of the review are to support research, to propose further areas for future studies in ASA, and to smoothen the progress of other researchers’ search for related studies. The findings of the review propose a taxonomy for sentiment classification methods. Furthermore, the limitations of existing approaches are highlighted in the preprocessing step, feature generation, and sentiment classification methods. Some likely trends for future research with ASA are suggested in both practical and theoretical aspects.

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To ensure the quality of a software system, developers perform an activity known as unit testing, where they write code (known as test cases) that verifies the individual software units that make up the system. Like production code, test cases are subject to bad programming practices, known as test smells, that hurt maintenance activities. An essential part of most maintenance activities is program comprehension which involves developers reading the code to understand its behavior to fix issues or update features. In this study, we conduct a controlled experiment with 96 undergraduate computer science students to investigate the impact of two common types of test smells, namely Assertion Roulette and Eager Test, on a student's ability to debug and troubleshoot test case failures. Our findings show that students take longer to correct errors in production code when smells are present in their associated test cases, especially Assertion Roulette. We envision our findings supporting academia in better equipping students with the knowledge and resources in writing and maintaining high-quality test cases. Our experimental materials are available online 1