Introduction: End stage renal disease (ESRD) affects patient's physical and psychological health. Depression is the most common psychiatric illness among patients with ESRD. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of depressive symptoms among patients undergoing peritoneal (PD) and hemodialysis (HD), also to correlate these symptoms with the demographic data.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) are defined as conditions that the environment contributes significantly to / worsens due to work conditions. WMSD comes second in the source of disability in both developed and developing countries. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence, patterns, and risk factors of musculoskeletal pain disorders among teachers in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among school teachers in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. A validated online Arabic questionnaire was distributed among teachers living in the Qassim region through multiple social networking applications like Facebook, WhatsApp, and Telegram. The questionnaire consisted of Socio-demographic characteristics, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and a modified version of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening questionnaire. ResultsA total of 503 school teachers were recruited. The proportion of musculoskeletal pain was 91%, and the most common site of pain was back (74.4%), followed by the shoulder (57.5%) and leg (51.5%). The proportion of disabling pain was (80.1%) while the rest was non-disabling pain (19.9%). In the multiple regression model, the predictors of increased disabling pain were back pain, leg pain, neck pain, and those with 51-70 kg weight. In comparison, the predictors of decreased disabling pain were having more than 7 hours of sleep and those with 20-30 classes per week. ConclusionMusculoskeletal pain disorders were widely prevalent among school teachers in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. Most teachers considered pain as disabling, which negatively affected their attendance. The back, shoulder, and neck were the most painful sites associated with disabling pain.

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REVIEWrupted this care, and patients with chronic diseases faced difficulties in obtaining medicine, follow-up, and monitoring of diseases status. Diabetes is a common chronic disease globally, with about 463 million people affected [7]. These diabetics need continuous care and must maintain a healthy lifestyle, such as diet and physical activity, in order to keep glucose levels within normal ranges. Failure to do so may result in another pandemic of complications, mortality, and increased burden on health systems [8].Service delivery and access to care have been affected by COVID-19. Furthermore, lockdowns and movement restrictions might also have affected people's lifestyles. These factors may affect the glycaemic control among diabetic patients. However, studies from different parts of the world have shown varying results. Some have shown improvement in glucose levels, while others have reported deterioration amid COVID-19 lockdowns. It is therefore necessary to synthesize the evidence and see how lockdowns have affected the diabetics. This systematic review therefore aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the glycaemic control, physical activity, and diet of diabetic patients.