Diabetes mellitus (DM) is believed to promote oxidative stress, which potentially provokes and accelerates complications in conditions such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular, peripheral arterial, and cerebrovascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant therapeutic value of adding an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitora low dose of captoprilas adjunct therapy to the treatment regimen of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants were distributed among two different groups: control and treated. T2DM patients in the treated group (group 2) were given a supplement of the ACE inhibitor capotopril, 12.5 mg/day, in addition to standard treatment. All subjects were interviewed for clinical examination. All patients in group 2 were re-examined monthly for 3 months to evaluate FBS, HbA1c, MDA, total GSH, reduced GSH, GSSG, and ox-LDL. All parameters were repeated for patients in group 2 after 1 and 3 months. The study showed improvements in the glycemic and oxidative stress status with the addition of a low dose of captoprilnot very prominent but statistically significant. Reduced GSH decreased by 73.6% (P = 0.016) and the TBARS level was decreased by 58.3% (P = 0.018) after 3 months of treatment, while ox-LDL was decreased by 26.4% (P = 0.036) at the end of treatment. In summary, the clinical improvements in the disease indices toward normal levels make the use of low doses of ACE inhibitors as adjunct therapy in T2DM worth pursuing. Thus, investigations directed at preventing or protecting against oxidative damage may open a new window for treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Allergy is a complex condition that results from different causative factors and different kinds of reactions, which caused by vibrant interactions ranged from genetic predisposition, environmental factors, food reaction, animals, insects, to a dysfunctional immune system. A public concern has grown in response to the increasing prevalence of allergy and related atopic conditions. Although the underlying mechanism of the true causes of allergy is complicated due to insufficient data and variable methodologies, Immunoglobulin E (Ig E) is commonly accepted as a specific index for allergic diseases among many indices used to test allergy. The aim of the study was to perform analysis of food allergens, inhalatory allergens, and other allergens types in patients diagnosed with an allergy by testing specific IgE to understand the risk factors, prediction, preventing, and determine the treatment. The results showed that specific IgE serum levels are significantly higher in patients sensitized to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae allergens. However, more data and studies are needed to investigate the local allergens that cause allergy.

Even though Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are generally considered safe, they still have serious adverse effects in case of inappropriate use. The prescription of PPIs must be based on clear clinical need. This study was aimed to prospects the uncontrolled and inappropriate dispensing of PPIs, as well as the pattern of PPIs prescription. A total of 20932 prescriptions of PPIs were collected from the community and private pharmacies, and the prescribed and non-prescribed dispensing PPIs were evaluated. The results of the study have shown that there is an irrational prescription of PPIs with a huge demand for non-prescribed PPIs. For omeprazole, the percentage of prescribed to non-prescribed was 12% and 88%, respectively. While, Pantoprazole and Esomeprazole were 40% and 60%, and Lansoprazole was 27% and 73%. In summary, PPIs need more control from qualifying pharmacists to avoid the dangers of misuse and drug interaction.

Acrylamide is a potential health hazardous compound occurring in baked and fried food as a result of excessive dry heating during the preparation and/or processing of foods. Exposure to a high level of acrylamide may cause cancer, neurotoxicity, and mutagenicity. In this study, an isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method using a C18 column was used for the determination of acrylamide in selected food. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in water: acetonitrile (98:02), and the flow rate was 1.0 mL min-1, elution was monitored at 200 nm. Validation in selected conditions showed that the chosen method is sensitive, selective, precise, and reproducible with a linear detector response for the determination of acrylamide. The limit of detection (LOD), and the limit of quantification (LOQ), were achieved at 0.41μg mL-1 and 1.25 μg mL-1respectively. The proposed method was also applied after validation to the most popular six brands of chips and French fries available in the Libyan market. Acrylamide was extracted by a simplified extraction method avoiding cleanup by solid-phase extraction (SPE), then analyzed by HPLC-UV. The highest level of acrylamide was found in one brand of chips with a concentration of 16.33 μg mL-1, whereas only one of the French fries products analyzed exhibited an acrylamide concentration of 10.26 μg mL-1.