uinoa, recently introduced to Egypt and is considered as an important crop as it can grow and give considerable yield in new reclaimed salt-affected soils. Isolation trials from rotted quinoa seedlings collected in Egypt (Fayoum governorate) yielded Fusarium solani, Alternaria sp., Acremonium sp. and F. oxysporum. All the isolated fungi were pathogenic and caused damping-off and root-rot diseases. The efficiency of Streptomyces strains as a biocontrol agent against the pathogenic fungi was investigated under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Streptomyces toxytricini showed the highest inhibition zone of the three strongest pathogenic fungi. S. toxytricini produced indole acetic acid (IAA) and exhibited optimum phosphate solubilization. Streptomyces strains mixtures reduced damping-off incidence, rootrot incidence and severity as well as significantly increased the number of viable seedlings under greenhouse conditions. Increase of phenolic content as well as activity of peroxidase and chitinase enzymes in Streptomyces-treated plants proved the biocontrolinduced systemic resistance in quinoa seedlings against a mixture of three pathogenic fungi; F. solani, Acremonium sp. and F. oxysporum.

he effect of kaolinite and diatom sediments (DS) were applied as crud natural products for soil addition at rates of 2.5 and 5 ton/fed and/or as commercially products for foliar spraying these products are kaolin (Super Nano) and diatoms forms at concentrations of 2.5 and 5% against some potato pests as insects leafminer fly (Liriomyza huidobrensis), and aphid (Myzus persica) as well as early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani, also to study their effect on growth, plant leaves area (cm 2 ) and fresh and dry weight/plant as well as, leaves area index (LAI) and net assimilation rat (NAR) in addition to chlorophyll content measured after 45 and 75 days from sowing, yield and its components (tubers number/plant, average of tuber fresh weight and yield/plant, plot and feddan) as compared with traditional agricultural practices on potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.) Daimond variety. The experiment was carried out under the desert conditions (Eastern part of Al-Ismailia governorate within Sinai) in split block design. The results cleared that the diatoms and kaolin (Super Nano) as foliar spraying were the superior effect at 5% concentration on cumulative leafminer, aphid infestations and early blight disease incidence and severity. The highest reduction of soil additive treatment against leafminer insect was obtained from diatom sediments (DS) at 5 ton/fed, followed by diatom sediments (DS) at 2.5 ton/fed. In case of aphid leaves infestations as soil additives, the highest reduction was (DS) at 5 ton/fed followed by kaolinite at 5 ton/fed. The most effective soil additive to reduce incidence and severity of early blight disease was obtained from diatom sediments (DS) at 5 ton/fed, followed by kaolinite at 5 ton/fed. The interaction T

wo field experiments were carried out at 6 October farm, El-Nubaria Province, El-Behaira Governorate, Egypt during the two successive summer seasons (2010 and 2011) to investigate the effect of some agricultural practices; i.e. irrigation treatments and different soil amendments on growth, productivity, suppression of root-rot and damping-off of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) var. Giza-102. Prior to the field experiments a pathogenicity test was carried out and identified that the causal pathogen of sunflower root-rot and damping-off diseases were Macrophomina phasolina, Sclerotium rolfisii, and Rhizoctonia solani. Missing the third irrigation was more appreciated than missing the fifth irrigation treatment compared to the normal irrigation as the control treatment, which represents the highest observations regarding sunflower growth and productivity. Soil amendment treatments increased the sunflower resistance to soil borne diseases hence enhanced its growth and productivity. The most promising results obtained from rice straw + EM 1 + urea, Biochar + compost, Rice straw + EM 1 and EM-Bokash with no significant differences, compost, and animal manure, respectively, compared to the control treatment (without soil amendment). The interaction (normal irrigation, missing the 3 rd irrigation then missing the 5 th irrigation, respectively) × (rice straw + EM 1 + urea), was the best between all the other interaction treatments, under normal, moderate and severe drought conditions, respectively, and compared to normal irrigation × without treatment, as the control treatment.

Behaira Governorate to investigate the effect of some organic and biofertilization treatments as soil amendments on suppression Macrophomina phasolina, Sclerotium rolfisii, and Rhizoctonia solani, the causal pathogens of root-rot and damping-off of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Organic amendment treatments increased the sunflower resistance to soil borne diseases hence enhanced its productivity. The most promising results obtained from rice straw+EM1+Urea, biochar+compost, rice straw+EM1 and EM-Bokashi with no significant differences, compost and animal manure, respectively compared to the control treatment (without organic amendment). EM-X (EM1+Bacillus subtilis+mycorrhiza+Azotobacter sp.) was found to be more effective in reducing M. phaseolina, S. rolfisii, and R. solani population and root-rot incidence, therefore enhance sunflower productivity compared to the other examined biofertilization treatments including the conventional chemical fertilization as the control treatment. The integration between rice straw+EM1+Urea or biochar+compost and EM-X was found to be the furthermost advised agricultural practices for soil borne diseases management as land degradation neutrality (LDN) technology that enhances land cover and area unit productivity under these conditions.

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