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One of the synthetic pyrethroid pesticides is Cypermethrin (CYP) which has been widely used in Egypt. CYP is primarily believed to be safe for ordinary application. Many studies presented its neural and reproductive toxicity in nonmammalian, mammalian and different animal species. Up till now, there is not enough information known about the reproductive toxicity mechanism induced by the CYP and there is no sufficient data for the protection against its toxicity. Our study focuses on the toxic effects induced by CYP in the testis and brain tissues by detecting some apoptosis markers (Caspase3, p53 and Bcl-2) and estimating FSH, LH and testosterone hormones in serum. Sesame oil (S. oil) is considered as a potent antioxidant and dietary supplement but its molecular protective effects are still unclear. Four groups contain healthy adults' rats (age-and weight-matched): the normal control group, S. oil group (2 ml/kg b.wt./day), CYP group (3 ml/kg b.wt./day) and the last group treated with S. oil plus CYP. The treatment was continuous for 60 days. In CYP group biochemical analysis showed a reduction in the serum levels of testosterone, LH and FSH hormones, an increase in brain and testis Caspase3 and p53 expression besides the detectable decrease in Bcl-2 expression. Pretreatment with S. oil effectively protected against such biochemical changes, counteracted the CYP-altering the expression of Caspase3, p53 and upregulated Bcl-2 expression in testis and brain tissues. In Conclusion, S. oil has an ameliorative potency against biochemical alternations and apoptosis produced by CYP in tissues of the brain and testis of rats.

Olanzapine (OLZ), one of the second-generation antipsychotics, is effective in stress accompanying with chronic psychiatric disease. But the effect of chronic long-standing use of OLZ administration on the liver and its association with metabolic side effects plus weight gain is still unclear. The objective of our study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Hypericum perforatum (HP) on OLZ-induced oxidative stress, biochemical disturbance, and histological alteration in the rat's liver. Forty male wistar albino rats were allocated as follows: normal control rats (group 1), rats treated with OLZ at a dose of 27.0 mg/kg/day (group 2), group 3 (treated with HP at a dose of 81.0 mg/kg/day) and group 4 (received HP plus OLZ at the same doses). The results revealed that the OLZ-administration led to a significant elevation (***P < 0.001) in the levels of MDH, blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, liver function parameters and weight gain while a significant decrease (***P < 0.001) in activities of liver SOD and GSH was found. In addition to structural damage in the liver's tissue. These findings were evaluated the toxic effects of chronic administration of OLZ. While HP supplementation caused a significant improvement (++ P < 0.05, +++ P < 0.001) in liver biomarkers, metabolic parameters, and oxidative stress index besides inhibit the histological damage of liver tissue.

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Back ground: Congenital heart disease (CHDs) is the most common birth anomaly worldwide and it has a significantly increasing prevalence rate. Traditional evaluation for assessment depends on echocardiography (ECHO) and conventional angiography. Recent technological advances in computed tomography (CT), is increasingly used for noninvasive evaluation and proper diagnosis. Aim of work: To examine the validity of administering low exposure dose by MDCT with the aid of ECG gating technique and post processing 3D reconstruction in diagnosis and follow up of congenital heart disease in pediatrics. Patients & methods: This study was performed on 40 patients with age ranged from 3 days to 16 year old with suspicious or clinically /echocardiographically known to have congenital heart disease. The study was performed with MDCT machines (64 and 80 slices spiral CT)with ECG gating technique. The radiation dose was kept to minimum by reducing the kilo voltage to 80 kvp. All patients underwent Nonionic contrast agent injection. Results: we found that there is overall no significant difference between the low Kvp ECG gated MDCT and high Kvp MDCT in detecting congenital cardiac anomalies moreover , in our study we detected some anomalies which were not reported by high Kvp protocol in other studies. Conclusion: low Kvp ECG gated MDCT is superior to conventional method of CT scanning in assessment of congenital heart anomalies as it reaches to the same diagnosis with less radiation dose and hazards