Background Humanitarian crises can lead to the rapid change in the health needs of women and newborns, which may give rise to a complex situation that would require various interventions as solutions. This study aimed to examine the health education and promotion patterns, health-seeking behaviour of mothers, and barriers to the use of maternal health services from public health facilities in two rural areas of Yemen. Methods We used a qualitative approach. We conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with frontline health professionals and mothers respectively. Nine in-depth interviews were conducted with the health professionals, including 4 health leaders and 5 midwives, and 2 focus group discussions with mothers aged 18–45 years in Abyan and Lahj. Thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data in Atlas.ti (version 8) Software. Results Our data showed that health education and promotion activities on maternal health were ad hoc and coverage was poor. Maternal health services were underutilized by women. According to the data from the focus group discussions, the poor quality of services, as indicated by inadequate numbers of female doctors, lack of medical equipment and medicines, and costs of services were barriers to use maternal health services. Moreover, the use of prenatal and postnatal care services was associated with women’s’ perceived need. However, according to the health professionals, the inadequate human resource, workload, and inadequate funding from government have contributed significantly to the perceived quality of maternal health services provided by public health facilities. Despite the identified barriers, we found that a safe motherhood voucher scheme was instituted in Lahj which facilitated the use of maternal health services by disadvantaged women by removing financial barriers associated with the use of maternal health services. Conclusion This study identified several obstacles, which worked independently or jointly to minimize the delivery and use of health services by rural women. These included, inadequate funding, inadequate human resources, poor quality of health services, and high cost of services. These barriers need to be addressed to improve the use of reproductive health services in Yemen.

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New Niclosamide Schiff's bases and Niclosamide esters were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains in addition to fungal strains. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the target compounds against the resistant bacterial strains MRSA10 and MRSA12 was evaluated. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of the target compounds were determined to evaluate their antimicrobial activities. Niclosamide esters 4, 5 and 6 displayed remarkable activities against MRSA12 (MIC ≤ 4.03 μM) and moderate activities against C. albicans (MIC 7.8-31.25 μM). Strong antibacterial activities were elicited by Niclosamide esters 4 and 5 against B. subtilis (MIC 1.95 μM, 3.90 μM; respectively). Docking studies demonstrated the ability of the target compounds to bind with the active site of the microbial biotin carboxylase. Furthermore, physicochemical properties and ADME calculations indicated that the target compounds are available by oral route, with no blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeation. This study demonstrated that Niclosamide esters are potent antimicrobial agents against Gram-positive and resistant MRSA12 bacterial strains and were safe towards the normal human cell line (WI-38).

During the field trips between September –October 2022 after the good rainfall, have revealed to good collection and one remarkable very rare species Stipagrostis xylosa Cope tribe Aristideae (subfam. Aristidoideae, family Poaceae) is described as a new distribution of species to the flora of Aden. Morphological description and photograph of the species are provided.

Placenta accreta is an obstetrical emergency associated with significantmaternal morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, hysterectomy at the time of cesarean sectionhas been the mainstay of therapy especially in cases where diagnosis is made antenatally. Inrecent years different conservative treatments for partly or totally adherent placental tissue inthe uterine cavity have been reported in patients willing to preserve fertility. We report a case ofsuccessfully managed placenta accreta with methotrexate in our department. The patient washaemodynamically stable, had desire for future fertility and gave informed consent to all thepossible risks of conservative management including repeated episodes of bleeding, multipleblood transfusions, pain, infection, delayed hysterectomy and prolonged follow up. We useda regimen of two doses of methotrexate given a week apart. Further studies are required tostudy the effectiveness of methotrexate and to establish its dose and schedule in conservativemanagement of placenta accreta.