In this paper we summarize more than a decade of interdisciplinary work at Calakmul, including (1) the mapping project, which has covered more than 30 km2; (2) the excavation project, which has uncovered major structures and tombs in the center of the city; (3) the epigraphic project, whose goal is to study the hieroglyphic texts and relate them to the archaeological evidence; (4) the analysis of the architecture, ceramics, and chipped stone to define sacred and secular activity areas and chronological stages; and (5) a focus on the ecology, hydrology, and paleoclimatology of Calakmul and its environs with the aim of understanding more fully its periods of development and decline.
Resumen: Las ruinas de Oxpemul representan una corte real fortificada plasmada en la Cuenca de Calakmul adentro del Petén Campechano, ubicado unos 25 kms. al norte del centro regional de Calakmul. El Grupo Principal de Oxpemul está organizado sobre una meseta de 45.50 m de altura que forma su corte real con un patrón de asentamiento parecido a Calakmul y El Mirador. La Meseta Suroeste y otras más pequeñas están distribuidas alrededor del Bajo Central. Oxpemul incluye un total de 21 estelas con 18 altares, muchas de las estelas están de pie y muestran figuras humanas y textos jeroglíficos en buen estado de conservación. Varios de los altares también incluyen textos y uno muestra la figura de una deidad. Oxpemul está relacionado con 11 ejemplos de su glifo emblema en la forma de un "Trono de Piedra", uno fechado alrededor del Siglo Quinto. Se ha realizado un plano de 9 km 2 incluyendo su Grupo Principal y 1 400 estructuras que incluye varios grupos mayores y menores, además de aguadas, canales, albarradas, canteras y sascaberas.Palabras clave: arqueología, Oxpemul, mayas, Petén Campechano, fortificaciones, frontera, glifo emblema. Abstract:The Ruins of Oxpemul, Campeche represent a fortified royal court in the Peten Campechano and the Calakmul Basin some 25 kms north of the major regional center of Calakmul. Oxpemul's larger nucleus to the north is perched on a 45.50 m high mesa. Its settlement pattern closely resembles that of Calakmul and El Mirador. There is a smaller nucleus to the south. Oxpemul has 21 stelae with some 18 altars fronting them. Many of the stelae with human figures and hieroglyph texts are standing and well preserved. Several altars are also graced with texts with one appearing to be a deity figure. Oxpemul is associated with a stone throne emblem glyph that appears in texts five or more times. A 9 km 2 map has been made of the area surrounding Oxpemul's two nuclei that includes several major and minor groups as well as aguadas, canteras and sascaberas.
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