In this trial, the use of post-operative antibiotics in the open reduction and internal fixation of facial fracture was shown to confer no benefit/efficacy in reducing the chances of infection.

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Ectopic nasal tooth is a rare phenomenon with only 0.1%–1% incidence rate. They are more frequently found coupled with cleft lip and palate. Here, we present a case of intranasal tooth in a 12-year-old male child with operated cleft lip and palate. The condition was diagnosed only on the basis of intraoral periapical radiograph and was extracted using gauge-holding forceps at a rural health-care center. We discuss the possible etiology, clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment modalities of this condition. The purpose of this paper is to highlight that this rare condition can be managed with minimum available equipment in a rural setup.

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Review ArticleTechniques for maxillary sinus augmentation 1. Lateral window approach/direct sinus lift [15] 2. Transcrestal approach/indirect sinus lift [16] 3. Minimal invasive surgery Background: Present article describes the various treatment modalities available for posterior maxillary rehabilitation. Preservation of the remains and restoration of the missing is needy to maintain the form and function of the stomatognathic system. Loss of a tooth can be common in any of the arches. The rehabilitation of the lost dental and alveolar part in the maxillary arch is more technique sensitive in comparison to the corresponding arch. The inferior quality of bone in comparison to the mandibular arch fixed restorative procedures is quite cumbersome to the practitioner. This article is an attempt to explain the various options that can be opted for the rehabilitation of the edentulous maxillary arch according to the diagnosed condition of the individual.